Recent mortality trends in England
Main findings
Mortality rates and estimates of life expectancy in England have improved since the COVID-19 pandemic. Although 2023 estimates of life expectancy were still lower, and overall mortality rates were still higher than pre-pandemic levels, provisional estimates for 2024 were similar to 2019.
The long-term trend in life expectancy and overall mortality rates was one of continuing improvement until around 2011. Although there was some improvement in the decade before 2020, the level of improvement was far lower than in the preceding 3 decades. The scale of improvement between 2022 and 2024 indicates a return to progress seen in these earlier decades, however this is a short time period coinciding with recovery from the pandemic and it is not possible to predict if this will continue.
In 2024, the female provisional premature mortality rate (deaths under age 75) was similar to 2019, but the male rate remained higher than 2019.
Age-specific mortality rates have fallen (since the pandemic significantly increased mortality rates) but by 2024 not all age groups had returned to pre-pandemic levels.
Cancer mortality rates in 2024 were significantly lower than 2019 for both sexes. While there was concern that disruption to screening and treatment during the COVID-19 pandemic might lead to an increase in cancer mortality, overall cancer rates have so far followed the long-term trend by continuing to decrease.
Male mortality from cardiovascular disease did increase during the pandemic and the rate in every year between 2020 and 2023 was significantly higher than 2019. A fall in 2024, however, returned the rate to a similar level to 2019. The same trend was not seen for female cardiovascular disease mortality as only the rate for 2022 was significantly higher than 2019 and the 2024 rate was significantly lower than 2019.
There was concern that suicide rates might go up during the pandemic, but rates for both sexes in the years 2020 to 2023 were statistically similar to 2019. However, these data are based on the year deaths were registered in. Suicides are only registered following a coroner’s inquest, and the pandemic affected the function of coroners’ courts, leading to longer delays in death registration.
Alcohol-specific mortality rates have increased for both sexes since 2001, and this increase has been particularly marked since 2019. Rates in 2023 were significantly higher than 2019 for both sexes. Drug misuse mortality rates have also increased for both sexes since 2001.
Introduction
This report provides recent and long-term trends in mortality in England by sex, age and cause of death, including provisional data for 2024.
Although final estimates of life expectancy and mortality rates are published annually by the Office for National Statistics (ONS) and the Office for Health Improvement and Disparities (OHID), this report releases more up-to-date data and puts it in the context of longer term trends.
A comprehensive review of mortality trends was published in 2018 by Public Health England, which examined, in particular, a slowdown in improvement in mortality rates from around 2011 onwards, and the potential explanatory factors which may have influenced that.
This report, published by OHID in June 2025:
provides a complete picture of mortality trends in the decade before the COVID-19 pandemic in 2020
assesses the extent to which levels of mortality have recovered since the pandemic to those seen before the pandemic
The provisional estimates for 2024 allow us to examine more clearly the effect of the pandemic on mortality trends and the subsequent recovery, including whether there appears to have been a longer term impact on specific causes of death.
Number of deaths
Since 2011, the absolute number of deaths in England each year has generally increased, but with fluctuations between individual years. This reverses the previous downward trend, but the increase was expected as the population has both increased and aged. One factor in this is that the post-war ‘baby boomer’ generation has been increasingly moving into older age groups, which have higher mortality rates than younger age groups.
The COVID-19 pandemic increased the number of deaths by 15% between 2019 and 2020. The total in 2020 was the second highest annual figure ever reported by the ONS, exceeded only by 1918 (the last year of the First World War and the first year of the Spanish flu pandemic). Numbers have since decreased but remain higher than pre-pandemic years (Figure 1).
The number of deaths is not a good indicator of the health of the population as it does not adjust for population size and age structure, however it is useful as an indicator of the burden on health and other services.
Between 1981 and 2019 the annual number of female deaths was higher than the number of male deaths, but since the pandemic this has changed, with more male deaths every year since 2020. This is likely to reflect the greater impact of COVID-19-related mortality on men than women, as well as the effect of men from the ‘baby-boomer’ generation increasingly nearing those ages which have the highest annual numbers of deaths. Although this will also cause an increase in deaths among women, numbers have increased faster for men as their average age at death is lower.
The number of deaths in England per year has generally increased since 2011, which was expected as the population has both increased and aged.
Year | Sex | Deaths |
---|---|---|
1971 | Persons | 532,445 |
1971 | Male | 270,228 |
1971 | Female | 262,217 |
1972 | Persons | 554,251 |
1972 | Male | 280,284 |
1972 | Female | 273,967 |
1973 | Persons | 549,876 |
1973 | Male | 276,860 |
1973 | Female | 273,016 |
1974 | Persons | 547,980 |
1974 | Male | 275,908 |
1974 | Female | 272,072 |
1975 | Persons | 545,444 |
1975 | Male | 274,598 |
1975 | Female | 270,846 |
1976 | Persons | 560,317 |
1976 | Male | 280,191 |
1976 | Female | 280,126 |
1977 | Persons | 538,652 |
1977 | Male | 270,548 |
1977 | Female | 268,104 |
1978 | Persons | 547,685 |
1978 | Male | 275,494 |
1978 | Female | 272,191 |
1979 | Persons | 554,840 |
1979 | Male | 278,129 |
1979 | Female | 276,711 |
1980 | Persons | 544,349 |
1980 | Male | 272,753 |
1980 | Female | 271,596 |
1981 | Persons | 541,046 |
1981 | Male | 270,271 |
1981 | Female | 270,775 |
1982 | Persons | 545,017 |
1982 | Male | 271,489 |
1982 | Female | 273,528 |
1983 | Persons | 542,530 |
1983 | Male | 270,433 |
1983 | Female | 272,097 |
1984 | Persons | 531,321 |
1984 | Male | 264,183 |
1984 | Female | 267,138 |
1985 | Persons | 553,150 |
1985 | Male | 273,397 |
1985 | Female | 279,753 |
1986 | Persons | 544,545 |
1986 | Male | 269,351 |
1986 | Female | 275,194 |
1987 | Persons | 531,161 |
1987 | Male | 262,100 |
1987 | Female | 269,061 |
1988 | Persons | 535,556 |
1988 | Male | 262,999 |
1988 | Female | 272,557 |
1989 | Persons | 539,796 |
1989 | Male | 262,959 |
1989 | Female | 276,837 |
1990 | Persons | 528,914 |
1990 | Male | 259,230 |
1990 | Female | 269,684 |
1991 | Persons | 533,966 |
1991 | Male | 259,662 |
1991 | Female | 274,304 |
1992 | Persons | 522,656 |
1992 | Male | 254,209 |
1992 | Female | 268,447 |
1993 | Persons | 540,902 |
1993 | Male | 260,896 |
1993 | Female | 280,006 |
1994 | Persons | 516,297 |
1994 | Male | 249,364 |
1994 | Female | 266,933 |
1995 | Persons | 529,033 |
1995 | Male | 254,590 |
1995 | Female | 274,443 |
1996 | Persons | 526,647 |
1996 | Male | 252,232 |
1996 | Female | 274,415 |
1997 | Persons | 521,598 |
1997 | Male | 248,438 |
1997 | Female | 273,160 |
1998 | Persons | 518,084 |
1998 | Male | 247,197 |
1998 | Female | 270,887 |
1999 | Persons | 517,123 |
1999 | Male | 245,602 |
1999 | Female | 271,521 |
2000 | Persons | 503,025 |
2000 | Male | 239,931 |
2000 | Female | 263,094 |
2001 | Persons | 497,878 |
2001 | Male | 237,017 |
2001 | Female | 260,861 |
2002 | Persons | 500,792 |
2002 | Male | 237,981 |
2002 | Female | 262,811 |
2003 | Persons | 504,127 |
2003 | Male | 237,639 |
2003 | Female | 266,488 |
2004 | Persons | 480,717 |
2004 | Male | 229,099 |
2004 | Female | 251,618 |
2005 | Persons | 479,678 |
2005 | Male | 227,956 |
2005 | Female | 251,722 |
2006 | Persons | 470,326 |
2006 | Male | 225,314 |
2006 | Female | 245,012 |
2007 | Persons | 470,721 |
2007 | Male | 224,556 |
2007 | Female | 246,165 |
2008 | Persons | 475,763 |
2008 | Male | 226,822 |
2008 | Female | 248,941 |
2009 | Persons | 459,241 |
2009 | Male | 222,379 |
2009 | Female | 236,862 |
2010 | Persons | 461,017 |
2010 | Male | 222,366 |
2010 | Female | 238,651 |
2011 | Persons | 452,862 |
2011 | Male | 219,068 |
2011 | Female | 233,794 |
2012 | Persons | 466,779 |
2012 | Male | 224,460 |
2012 | Female | 242,319 |
2013 | Persons | 473,552 |
2013 | Male | 229,291 |
2013 | Female | 244,261 |
2014 | Persons | 468,875 |
2014 | Male | 229,116 |
2014 | Female | 239,759 |
2015 | Persons | 495,309 |
2015 | Male | 240,417 |
2015 | Female | 254,892 |
2016 | Persons | 490,791 |
2016 | Male | 240,721 |
2016 | Female | 250,070 |
2017 | Persons | 498,882 |
2017 | Male | 245,464 |
2017 | Female | 253,418 |
2018 | Persons | 505,859 |
2018 | Male | 250,012 |
2018 | Female | 255,847 |
2019 | Persons | 496,370 |
2019 | Male | 247,894 |
2019 | Female | 248,476 |
2020 | Persons | 569,700 |
2020 | Male | 288,742 |
2020 | Female | 280,958 |
2021 | Persons | 549,349 |
2021 | Male | 279,173 |
2021 | Female | 270,176 |
2022 | Persons | 540,333 |
2022 | Male | 273,579 |
2022 | Female | 266,754 |
2023 | Persons | 544,054 |
2023 | Male | 276,252 |
2023 | Female | 267,802 |
2024 | Persons | 531,941 |
2024 | Male | 270,851 |
2024 | Female | 261,090 |
See more information about using CSV file format
Data source 1971 to 2000: Office for National Statistics (ONS) View ONS Age-standardised mortality rates standardised using the both 2013 and 1976 European Standard Populations, by sex, England, 1971 to 2016
Data source 2001 to 2023: Office for Health Improvement and Disparities (OHID) using Office for National Statistics (ONS) data published in Fingertips View the Fingertips Mortality Profile
Data source 2024: Office for National Statistics (ONS) provisional data as at 15 April 2025
Source: Office for Health Improvement and Disparities and Office for National Statistics (2024 data is provisional)
Life expectancy
In recent decades, life expectancy at birth has generally increased (Figure 2) but there was a marked slowdown in this improvement in the decade before 2020.
The COVID-19 pandemic led to a fall in male life expectancy between 2019 and 2020 of 1.3 years, and there was a fall of 0.9 years in female life expectancy. Life expectancy has since improved and provisional estimates for 2024 (male: 79.8 years, female: 83.6 years) are similar to 2019 for both sexes.
Improvement in life expectancy at birth slowed between 2010 and 2019 and life expectancy fell in 2020 during the COVID-19 pandemic. Estimates for 2024 are similar to 2019 for both sexes.
Year | Sex | Value |
---|---|---|
1980 | Male | 70.8 |
1980 | Female | 76.8 |
1981 | Male | 71.1 |
1981 | Female | 77.1 |
1982 | Male | 71.3 |
1982 | Female | 77.2 |
1983 | Male | 71.5 |
1983 | Female | 77.5 |
1984 | Male | 72.0 |
1984 | Female | 77.8 |
1985 | Male | 71.9 |
1985 | Female | 77.6 |
1986 | Male | 72.1 |
1986 | Female | 77.9 |
1987 | Male | 72.5 |
1987 | Female | 78.2 |
1988 | Male | 72.6 |
1988 | Female | 78.3 |
1989 | Male | 72.9 |
1989 | Female | 78.4 |
1990 | Male | 73.1 |
1990 | Female | 78.7 |
1991 | Male | 73.3 |
1991 | Female | 78.8 |
1992 | Male | 73.7 |
1992 | Female | 79.2 |
1993 | Male | 73.7 |
1993 | Female | 79.0 |
1994 | Male | 74.3 |
1994 | Female | 79.5 |
1995 | Male | 74.3 |
1995 | Female | 79.5 |
1996 | Male | 74.5 |
1996 | Female | 79.6 |
1997 | Male | 74.8 |
1997 | Female | 79.7 |
1998 | Male | 75.0 |
1998 | Female | 79.9 |
1999 | Male | 75.2 |
1999 | Female | 80.0 |
2000 | Male | 75.6 |
2000 | Female | 80.4 |
2001 | Male | 76.0 |
2001 | Female | 80.6 |
2002 | Male | 76.1 |
2002 | Female | 80.7 |
2003 | Male | 76.3 |
2003 | Female | 80.7 |
2004 | Male | 76.9 |
2004 | Female | 81.3 |
2005 | Male | 77.1 |
2005 | Female | 81.4 |
2006 | Male | 77.5 |
2006 | Female | 81.7 |
2007 | Male | 77.8 |
2007 | Female | 81.9 |
2008 | Male | 77.9 |
2008 | Female | 81.9 |
2009 | Male | 78.4 |
2009 | Female | 82.5 |
2010 | Male | 78.7 |
2010 | Female | 82.6 |
2011 | Male | 79.1 |
2011 | Female | 83.0 |
2012 | Male | 79.3 |
2012 | Female | 82.9 |
2013 | Male | 79.3 |
2013 | Female | 83.0 |
2014 | Male | 79.5 |
2014 | Female | 83.2 |
2015 | Male | 79.3 |
2015 | Female | 82.9 |
2016 | Male | 79.5 |
2016 | Female | 83.1 |
2017 | Male | 79.5 |
2017 | Female | 83.2 |
2018 | Male | 79.5 |
2018 | Female | 83.2 |
2019 | Male | 79.8 |
2019 | Female | 83.5 |
2020 | Male | 78.5 |
2020 | Female | 82.6 |
2021 | Male | 78.7 |
2021 | Female | 82.8 |
2022 | Male | 79.3 |
2022 | Female | 83.1 |
2023 | Male | 79.2 |
2023 | Female | 83.2 |
2024 | Male | 79.8 |
2024 | Female | 83.6 |
Life expectancies are specified in years |
See more information about using CSV file format
Data source 1980 to 2023: Office for National Statistics (ONS) View ONS Single year life tables - England edition 2023
Data source 2024: Office for National Statistics (ONS) provisional data as at 15 April 2025
Source: Office for Health Improvement and Disparities and Office for National Statistics (2024 data is provisional)
Between 2010 to 2019, the level of improvement in life expectancy at birth, as measured by the average of annual change between years, was much lower than in the preceding 3 decades. Improvement in the 2010s was a third of that seen in the decade 2000 to 2010 for both sexes (Table 1).
Between 2022 and 2024, life expectancy improved at a similar rate to that seen in decades before 2010. It remains, however, difficult to predict changes to life expectancy in coming years.
Years | |||
---|---|---|---|
Decade | Male | Female | |
1980 to 1990 | 0.22 | 0.17 | |
1990 to 2000 | 0.24 | 0.16 | |
2000 to 2010 | 0.3 | 0.23 | |
2010 to 2019 | 0.09 | 0.07 | |
2022 to 2024 | 0.26 | 0.23 | |
A positive value indicates an improvement in life expectancy within the period. 2020 and 2021 have been excluded due to the impact of the COVID-19 pandemic. |
Life expectancy at age 65 has generally increased over time since the 1980s (Figure 3). However, as with life expectancy at birth, improvement slowed in years before 2020. Between 2019 and 2020, there was a fall of approximately a year for both men and women. Provisional estimates for 2024 are 0.2 years higher than those for 2019, for both men and women.
Life expectancy at age 65 has generally increased over time but as with life expectancy at birth there has been a slowdown since 2011. Estimates for 2024 are higher than 2019 for both sexes.
Year | Sex | Value |
---|---|---|
1980 | Male | 13.0 |
1980 | Female | 17.0 |
1981 | Male | 13.1 |
1981 | Female | 17.1 |
1982 | Male | 13.1 |
1982 | Female | 17.1 |
1983 | Male | 13.2 |
1983 | Female | 17.2 |
1984 | Male | 13.5 |
1984 | Female | 17.5 |
1985 | Male | 13.3 |
1985 | Female | 17.3 |
1986 | Male | 13.5 |
1986 | Female | 17.5 |
1987 | Male | 13.8 |
1987 | Female | 17.7 |
1988 | Male | 13.9 |
1988 | Female | 17.7 |
1989 | Male | 14.0 |
1989 | Female | 17.7 |
1990 | Male | 14.1 |
1990 | Female | 18.0 |
1991 | Male | 14.2 |
1991 | Female | 17.9 |
1992 | Male | 14.4 |
1992 | Female | 18.2 |
1993 | Male | 14.3 |
1993 | Female | 18.0 |
1994 | Male | 14.8 |
1994 | Female | 18.4 |
1995 | Male | 14.7 |
1995 | Female | 18.3 |
1996 | Male | 14.9 |
1996 | Female | 18.4 |
1997 | Male | 15.1 |
1997 | Female | 18.5 |
1998 | Male | 15.3 |
1998 | Female | 18.6 |
1999 | Male | 15.5 |
1999 | Female | 18.7 |
2000 | Male | 15.8 |
2000 | Female | 19.0 |
2001 | Male | 16.1 |
2001 | Female | 19.2 |
2002 | Male | 16.2 |
2002 | Female | 19.2 |
2003 | Male | 16.4 |
2003 | Female | 19.2 |
2004 | Male | 16.8 |
2004 | Female | 19.7 |
2005 | Male | 17.0 |
2005 | Female | 19.8 |
2006 | Male | 17.3 |
2006 | Female | 20.1 |
2007 | Male | 17.5 |
2007 | Female | 20.2 |
2008 | Male | 17.6 |
2008 | Female | 20.2 |
2009 | Male | 18.0 |
2009 | Female | 20.7 |
2010 | Male | 18.1 |
2010 | Female | 20.8 |
2011 | Male | 18.4 |
2011 | Female | 21.0 |
2012 | Male | 18.4 |
2012 | Female | 20.9 |
2013 | Male | 18.5 |
2013 | Female | 20.9 |
2014 | Male | 18.7 |
2014 | Female | 21.2 |
2015 | Male | 18.5 |
2015 | Female | 20.9 |
2016 | Male | 18.7 |
2016 | Female | 21.1 |
2017 | Male | 18.7 |
2017 | Female | 21.1 |
2018 | Male | 18.7 |
2018 | Female | 21.1 |
2019 | Male | 19.0 |
2019 | Female | 21.4 |
2020 | Male | 18.0 |
2020 | Female | 20.6 |
2021 | Male | 18.4 |
2021 | Female | 21.0 |
2022 | Male | 18.7 |
2022 | Female | 21.2 |
2023 | Male | 18.8 |
2023 | Female | 21.3 |
2024 | Male | 19.2 |
2024 | Female | 21.6 |
Life expectancies are specified in years |
See more information about using CSV file format
Data source 1980 to 2023: Office for National Statistics (ONS) View ONS Single year life tables - England edition 2023
Data source 2024: Office for National Statistics (ONS) provisional data as at 15 April 2025
Source: Office for Health Improvement and Disparities and Office for National Statistics (2024 data is provisional)
For both men and women, the level of improvement in life expectancy at age 65 between 2010 and 2019 was less than a third of the improvement seen between 2000 and 2010 (Table 2). As with life expectancy at birth, the rate of improvement between 2022 and 2024 indicates a return to levels of improvement seen in decades before 2010.
Years | |||
---|---|---|---|
Decade | Male | Female | |
1980 to 1990 | 0.11 | 0.1 | |
1990 to 2000 | 0.16 | 0.1 | |
2000 to 2010 | 0.24 | 0.18 | |
2010 to 2019 | 0.07 | 0.05 | |
2022 to 2024 | 0.23 | 0.21 | |
A positive value indicates an improvement in life expectancy within the period. 2020 and 2021 have been excluded due to the impact of the COVID-19 pandemic. |
Mortality rates
Age-standardised mortality rates provide an alternative summary measure of mortality which, like life expectancy, take account of changes to both population size and age structure. A decrease in a mortality rate is an improvement.
All cause mortality rates
In England, the age-standardised mortality rate has generally decreased for both sexes since 1971 (Figure 4). However, in 2020 the male rate increased by 15% and the female rate by 12%. Since 2020, mortality rates for both sexes have decreased annually and the provisional 2024 rates are similar to 2019.
Age-standardised all cause mortality rates have generally declined but remain higher in 2023 than in 2019.
Year | Sex | Deaths | Rate | Lower95CL | Upper95CL |
---|---|---|---|---|---|
1971 | Male | 270,228 | 2,338 | 2,327 | 2,349 |
1971 | Female | 262,217 | 1,486 | 1,480 | 1,492 |
1972 | Male | 280,284 | 2,414 | 2,403 | 2,425 |
1972 | Female | 273,967 | 1,533 | 1,527 | 1,539 |
1973 | Male | 276,860 | 2,373 | 2,362 | 2,384 |
1973 | Female | 273,016 | 1,515 | 1,509 | 1,521 |
1974 | Male | 275,908 | 2,353 | 2,342 | 2,364 |
1974 | Female | 272,072 | 1,497 | 1,491 | 1,502 |
1975 | Male | 274,598 | 2,325 | 2,315 | 2,336 |
1975 | Female | 270,846 | 1,471 | 1,465 | 1,477 |
1976 | Male | 280,191 | 2,365 | 2,354 | 2,376 |
1976 | Female | 280,126 | 1,512 | 1,506 | 1,518 |
1977 | Male | 270,548 | 2,244 | 2,234 | 2,255 |
1977 | Female | 268,104 | 1,421 | 1,415 | 1,426 |
1978 | Male | 275,494 | 2,254 | 2,243 | 2,264 |
1978 | Female | 272,191 | 1,420 | 1,414 | 1,425 |
1979 | Male | 278,129 | 2,258 | 2,248 | 2,268 |
1979 | Female | 276,711 | 1,428 | 1,423 | 1,434 |
1980 | Male | 272,753 | 2,174 | 2,164 | 2,184 |
1980 | Female | 271,596 | 1,378 | 1,373 | 1,384 |
1981 | Male | 270,271 | 2,150 | 2,140 | 2,160 |
1981 | Female | 270,775 | 1,357 | 1,352 | 1,363 |
1982 | Male | 271,489 | 2,142 | 2,132 | 2,152 |
1982 | Female | 273,528 | 1,355 | 1,350 | 1,361 |
1983 | Male | 270,433 | 2,117 | 2,107 | 2,127 |
1983 | Female | 272,097 | 1,332 | 1,327 | 1,337 |
1984 | Male | 264,183 | 2,042 | 2,032 | 2,051 |
1984 | Female | 267,138 | 1,288 | 1,283 | 1,293 |
1985 | Male | 273,397 | 2,096 | 2,087 | 2,106 |
1985 | Female | 279,753 | 1,327 | 1,322 | 1,332 |
1986 | Male | 269,351 | 2,030 | 2,021 | 2,039 |
1986 | Female | 275,194 | 1,287 | 1,282 | 1,292 |
1987 | Male | 262,100 | 1,936 | 1,927 | 1,944 |
1987 | Female | 269,061 | 1,240 | 1,235 | 1,245 |
1988 | Male | 262,999 | 1,930 | 1,921 | 1,938 |
1988 | Female | 272,557 | 1,242 | 1,238 | 1,247 |
1989 | Male | 262,959 | 1,928 | 1,919 | 1,936 |
1989 | Female | 276,837 | 1,244 | 1,240 | 1,249 |
1990 | Male | 259,230 | 1,872 | 1,863 | 1,880 |
1990 | Female | 269,684 | 1,197 | 1,193 | 1,202 |
1991 | Male | 259,662 | 1,867 | 1,859 | 1,875 |
1991 | Female | 274,304 | 1,204 | 1,200 | 1,209 |
1992 | Male | 254,209 | 1,801 | 1,793 | 1,809 |
1992 | Female | 268,447 | 1,163 | 1,158 | 1,167 |
1993 | Male | 260,896 | 1,838 | 1,830 | 1,845 |
1993 | Female | 280,006 | 1,198 | 1,194 | 1,203 |
1994 | Male | 249,364 | 1,737 | 1,730 | 1,745 |
1994 | Female | 266,933 | 1,134 | 1,130 | 1,139 |
1995 | Male | 254,590 | 1,749 | 1,742 | 1,757 |
1995 | Female | 274,443 | 1,150 | 1,145 | 1,154 |
1996 | Male | 252,232 | 1,715 | 1,708 | 1,722 |
1996 | Female | 274,415 | 1,140 | 1,135 | 1,144 |
1997 | Male | 248,438 | 1,672 | 1,665 | 1,679 |
1997 | Female | 273,160 | 1,128 | 1,124 | 1,132 |
1998 | Male | 247,197 | 1,640 | 1,633 | 1,647 |
1998 | Female | 270,887 | 1,110 | 1,106 | 1,114 |
1999 | Male | 245,602 | 1,614 | 1,607 | 1,621 |
1999 | Female | 271,521 | 1,108 | 1,104 | 1,112 |
2000 | Male | 239,931 | 1,551 | 1,544 | 1,557 |
2000 | Female | 263,094 | 1,062 | 1,058 | 1,066 |
2001 | Male | 237,017 | 1,503 | 1,497 | 1,510 |
2001 | Female | 260,861 | 1,040 | 1,036 | 1,044 |
2002 | Male | 237,981 | 1,490 | 1,484 | 1,496 |
2002 | Female | 262,811 | 1,040 | 1,036 | 1,044 |
2003 | Male | 237,639 | 1,473 | 1,467 | 1,480 |
2003 | Female | 266,488 | 1,050 | 1,046 | 1,054 |
2004 | Male | 229,099 | 1,393 | 1,387 | 1,399 |
2004 | Female | 251,618 | 988 | 984 | 992 |
2005 | Male | 227,956 | 1,361 | 1,355 | 1,367 |
2005 | Female | 251,722 | 976 | 972 | 980 |
2006 | Male | 225,314 | 1,319 | 1,313 | 1,325 |
2006 | Female | 245,012 | 941 | 937 | 944 |
2007 | Male | 224,556 | 1,290 | 1,284 | 1,296 |
2007 | Female | 246,165 | 934 | 930 | 938 |
2008 | Male | 226,822 | 1,283 | 1,278 | 1,289 |
2008 | Female | 248,941 | 939 | 935 | 943 |
2009 | Male | 222,379 | 1,223 | 1,218 | 1,228 |
2009 | Female | 236,862 | 882 | 878 | 885 |
2010 | Male | 222,366 | 1,194 | 1,189 | 1,200 |
2010 | Female | 238,651 | 871 | 868 | 875 |
2011 | Male | 219,068 | 1,151 | 1,146 | 1,156 |
2011 | Female | 233,794 | 838 | 835 | 842 |
2012 | Male | 224,460 | 1,154 | 1,149 | 1,159 |
2012 | Female | 242,319 | 852 | 848 | 855 |
2013 | Male | 229,291 | 1,153 | 1,148 | 1,158 |
2013 | Female | 244,261 | 849 | 845 | 852 |
2014 | Male | 229,116 | 1,119 | 1,114 | 1,123 |
2014 | Female | 239,759 | 819 | 816 | 822 |
2015 | Male | 240,417 | 1,157 | 1,152 | 1,161 |
2015 | Female | 254,892 | 862 | 859 | 865 |
2016 | Male | 240,721 | 1,130 | 1,125 | 1,134 |
2016 | Female | 250,070 | 838 | 835 | 841 |
2017 | Male | 245,464 | 1,129 | 1,124 | 1,133 |
2017 | Female | 253,418 | 838 | 835 | 842 |
2018 | Male | 250,012 | 1,127 | 1,122 | 1,131 |
2018 | Female | 255,847 | 839 | 836 | 843 |
2019 | Male | 247,894 | 1,089 | 1,084 | 1,093 |
2019 | Female | 248,476 | 802 | 799 | 805 |
2020 | Male | 288,742 | 1,256 | 1,252 | 1,261 |
2020 | Female | 280,958 | 901 | 898 | 905 |
2021 | Male | 279,173 | 1,190 | 1,186 | 1,195 |
2021 | Female | 270,176 | 860 | 857 | 863 |
2022 | Male | 273,579 | 1,144 | 1,140 | 1,148 |
2022 | Female | 266,754 | 833 | 830 | 836 |
2023 | Male | 276,252 | 1,133 | 1,129 | 1,138 |
2023 | Female | 267,802 | 826 | 823 | 830 |
2024 | Male | 270,851 | 1,086 | 1,082 | 1,090 |
2024 | Female | 261,090 | 794 | 791 | 797 |
Rates are standardised rates per 100,000 population |
See more information about using CSV file format
Data source 1971 to 2000: Office for National Statistics (ONS) View ONS Age-standardised mortality rates standardised using the both 2013 and 1976 European Standard Populations, by sex, England, 1971 to 2016
Data source 2001 to 2023: Office for Health Improvement and Disparities (OHID) using Office for National Statistics (ONS) data published in Fingertips View the Fingertips Mortality Profile
Data source 2024: Office for Health Improvement and Disparities (OHID) using Office for National Statistics (ONS) provisional data as at 15 April 2025
View age-standardised mortality rate definition in the Fingertips Mortality Profile
Source: Office for Health Improvement and Disparities and Office for National Statistics (2024 data is provisional)
Table 3 shows that there was an improvement in the mortality rate for each decade since the 1970s for both sexes. The improvement was, however, notably less between 2010 and 2019, being around a fifth of that seen between 2000 and 2010 for both sexes.
As with life expectancy, the improvement between 2022 and 2024 was similar to the level seen in decades before 2010, but we cannot predict if this will continue.
Rate per 100,000 | |||
---|---|---|---|
Decade | Male | Female | |
1971 to 1980 | -20.9 | -14.3 | |
1980 to 1990 | -31 | -17.1 | |
1990 to 2000 | -31.4 | -12.3 | |
2000 to 2010 | -36 | -19.7 | |
2010 to 2019 | -7.8 | -4.1 | |
2022 to 2024 | -28.9 | -19.4 | |
A negative value indicates an improvement in mortality within the period. 2020 and 2021 have been excluded due to the impact of the COVID-19 pandemic. |
Under 75 mortality rate from all causes
Premature mortality, defined here as deaths under age 75, is a good indicator of the overall health of a population, being correlated with many other measures of population health. There are significant differences between the premature death rates in different areas, reflecting a wide range of underlying differences between these populations.
The under 75 mortality rate from all causes decreased between 2001 and 2024, by a similar amount for both sexes (Figure 5). There was an increase for both sexes during the COVID-19 pandemic (the male rate by 14% and the female rate by 10% between 2019 and 2020). The female provisional rate for 2024 was similar to 2019, but the male rate remained higher.
Under 75 mortality rate from all causes has generally decreased over time. Compared with 2019, the female rate in 2024 was similar but the male rate was higher.
Year | Sex | Deaths | Rate | Lower95CL | Upper95CL |
---|---|---|---|---|---|
2001 | Male | 105,722 | 577 | 574 | 581 |
2001 | Female | 70,525 | 355 | 353 | 358 |
2002 | Male | 104,577 | 566 | 562 | 569 |
2002 | Female | 69,217 | 347 | 345 | 350 |
2003 | Male | 103,158 | 552 | 548 | 555 |
2003 | Female | 68,994 | 343 | 341 | 346 |
2004 | Male | 99,168 | 525 | 522 | 529 |
2004 | Female | 66,311 | 328 | 325 | 330 |
2005 | Male | 97,528 | 510 | 507 | 513 |
2005 | Female | 65,148 | 320 | 317 | 322 |
2006 | Male | 95,771 | 495 | 492 | 499 |
2006 | Female | 63,939 | 312 | 310 | 314 |
2007 | Male | 94,080 | 479 | 476 | 483 |
2007 | Female | 63,299 | 305 | 303 | 308 |
2008 | Male | 94,257 | 471 | 468 | 474 |
2008 | Female | 63,638 | 302 | 299 | 304 |
2009 | Male | 92,180 | 452 | 449 | 455 |
2009 | Female | 61,672 | 288 | 285 | 290 |
2010 | Male | 91,342 | 442 | 439 | 445 |
2010 | Female | 61,482 | 283 | 281 | 285 |
2011 | Male | 89,116 | 427 | 424 | 429 |
2011 | Female | 60,550 | 275 | 273 | 278 |
2012 | Male | 87,986 | 414 | 411 | 417 |
2012 | Female | 60,721 | 272 | 270 | 274 |
2013 | Male | 89,167 | 412 | 410 | 415 |
2013 | Female | 60,800 | 268 | 265 | 270 |
2014 | Male | 89,335 | 405 | 403 | 408 |
2014 | Female | 61,155 | 264 | 262 | 266 |
2015 | Male | 91,248 | 407 | 405 | 410 |
2015 | Female | 62,591 | 266 | 264 | 268 |
2016 | Male | 92,666 | 405 | 403 | 408 |
2016 | Female | 64,535 | 269 | 267 | 271 |
2017 | Male | 93,512 | 401 | 398 | 403 |
2017 | Female | 63,750 | 260 | 258 | 262 |
2018 | Male | 95,393 | 403 | 401 | 406 |
2018 | Female | 65,274 | 262 | 260 | 264 |
2019 | Male | 93,564 | 392 | 390 | 395 |
2019 | Female | 64,176 | 255 | 253 | 257 |
2020 | Male | 106,785 | 446 | 443 | 448 |
2020 | Female | 70,815 | 280 | 277 | 282 |
2021 | Male | 108,141 | 448 | 445 | 451 |
2021 | Female | 72,415 | 283 | 281 | 285 |
2022 | Male | 100,706 | 420 | 417 | 422 |
2022 | Female | 68,335 | 269 | 267 | 271 |
2023 | Male | 100,922 | 420 | 417 | 423 |
2023 | Female | 67,936 | 267 | 265 | 269 |
2024 | Male | 97,955 | 404 | 402 | 407 |
2024 | Female | 66,107 | 258 | 256 | 260 |
Rates are standardised rates per 100,000 population |
See more information about using CSV file format
Data source 2001 to 2023: Office for Health Improvement and Disparities (OHID) using Office for National Statistics (ONS) data published in Fingertips View the Fingertips Mortality Profile
Data source 2024: Office for Health Improvement and Disparities (OHID) using Office for National Statistics (ONS) provisional data as at 15 April 2025
View age-standardised mortality rate definition in the Fingertips Mortality Profile
Source: Office for Health Improvement and Disparities and Office for National Statistics (2024 data is provisional)
Table 4 shows that there has been an improvement in the under 75 mortality rate from all causes for all the time periods studied, for both sexes. Between 2010 and 2019, the improvement was less than the other time periods at around a third of the previous time period (2001 to 2010). The improvement between 2022 and 2024 was more than in 2010 to 2019, but less than 2001 to 2010.
Rate per 100,000 | |||
---|---|---|---|
Decade | Male | Female | |
2001 to 2010 | -15.53 | -8.19 | |
2010 to 2019 | -4.25 | -2.42 | |
2022 to 2024 | -7.76 | -5.57 | |
A negative value indicates an improvement in mortality within the period. 2020 and 2021 have been excluded due to the impact of the COVID-19 pandemic. |
Causes of death
Leading causes of death
In 2024, provisional data shows that deaths from cardiovascular disease, cancer, respiratory disease, dementia and Alzheimer’s disease, and COVID-19 accounted for 75% of all deaths in England. Cardiovascular disease (24%) and cancer (26%) made up the largest proportions.
In 2001, the cardiovascular disease mortality rate was higher than the cancer mortality rate for both sexes (Figure 6). Over the next 10 years, the mortality rates from cardiovascular disease fell faster than the rate for cancer, falling below the rates for cancer in 2011. Since 2011 the female mortality rate for cancer has remained higher than the rate for cardiovascular disease. However, between 2019 and 2022, the downward trend in the male rate for cardiovascular disease mortality reversed and in 2022 and 2023 rates were statistically similar to male mortality rates for cancer. Provisional estimates for 2024 show a decrease for both sexes for cancer and cardiovascular disease.
Recent trends for cancer and cardiovascular disease are considered in more detail below.
Between 2001 and 2019, for both sexes, there was a downward trend in deaths from respiratory disease. This trend accelerated during the pandemic (deaths from COVID-19 are not included in deaths from respiratory disease). Between 2019 and 2021, the male mortality rate for respiratory disease fell by 23% and the female rate fell by 28%. Rates for both sexes increased in 2022 and 2023, but they fell in 2024 and those provisional estimates were lower than the rates in 2019.
There was an upward trend in deaths from dementia and Alzheimer’s disease between 2001 and 2020, with a decline in 2021. The trend has been stable between 2021 and 2024.
COVID-19 was a leading cause of death in 2020, with the male mortality rate higher than both respiratory disease and dementia and Alzheimer’s disease. The female COVID-19 mortality rate was higher than respiratory disease but lower than dementia and Alzheimer’s disease in 2020. Between 2020 and 2024, there was a significant fall each year in the mortality rate from COVID-19 for both sexes.
In contrast to other leading causes of death, mortality rates from dementia and Alzheimer’s disease increased between 2001 and 2024.
Year | Cause | Sex | Deaths | Rate | Lower95CL | Upper95CL |
---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
2001 | Cancer | Male | 66,073 | 393.8 | 390.7 | 397.0 |
2001 | Cancer | Female | 61,286 | 256.8 | 254.8 | 258.9 |
2001 | Cardiovascular disease | Male | 88,546 | 570.9 | 566.9 | 574.9 |
2001 | Cardiovascular disease | Female | 95,452 | 374.6 | 372.2 | 377.0 |
2001 | Dementia and Alzheimer's | Male | 8,152 | 63.9 | 62.4 | 65.4 |
2001 | Dementia and Alzheimer's | Female | 16,381 | 62.1 | 61.1 | 63.0 |
2001 | Respiratory disease | Male | 29,233 | 208.5 | 206.0 | 211.1 |
2001 | Respiratory disease | Female | 34,051 | 134.3 | 132.9 | 135.8 |
2002 | Cancer | Male | 66,748 | 392.3 | 389.2 | 395.4 |
2002 | Cancer | Female | 61,631 | 256.5 | 254.4 | 258.5 |
2002 | Cardiovascular disease | Male | 87,442 | 558.5 | 554.6 | 562.5 |
2002 | Cardiovascular disease | Female | 94,572 | 368.0 | 365.7 | 370.4 |
2002 | Dementia and Alzheimer's | Male | 8,237 | 63.5 | 62.0 | 64.9 |
2002 | Dementia and Alzheimer's | Female | 16,836 | 63.4 | 62.5 | 64.4 |
2002 | Respiratory disease | Male | 29,948 | 210.0 | 207.5 | 212.6 |
2002 | Respiratory disease | Female | 35,878 | 140.3 | 138.9 | 141.8 |
2003 | Cancer | Male | 66,273 | 385.3 | 382.2 | 388.3 |
2003 | Cancer | Female | 61,015 | 252.5 | 250.5 | 254.6 |
2003 | Cardiovascular disease | Male | 84,926 | 535.5 | 531.7 | 539.3 |
2003 | Cardiovascular disease | Female | 93,335 | 362.0 | 359.7 | 364.3 |
2003 | Dementia and Alzheimer's | Male | 8,288 | 63.0 | 61.5 | 64.4 |
2003 | Dementia and Alzheimer's | Female | 17,964 | 67.6 | 66.6 | 68.6 |
2003 | Respiratory disease | Male | 31,573 | 219.7 | 217.1 | 222.3 |
2003 | Respiratory disease | Female | 38,599 | 150.6 | 149.1 | 152.1 |
2004 | Cancer | Male | 65,934 | 378.1 | 375.1 | 381.1 |
2004 | Cancer | Female | 60,114 | 247.9 | 245.9 | 249.9 |
2004 | Cardiovascular disease | Male | 79,847 | 495.6 | 492.0 | 499.2 |
2004 | Cardiovascular disease | Female | 85,757 | 331.1 | 328.9 | 333.3 |
2004 | Dementia and Alzheimer's | Male | 8,050 | 60.0 | 58.6 | 61.4 |
2004 | Dementia and Alzheimer's | Female | 16,964 | 63.6 | 62.7 | 64.6 |
2004 | Respiratory disease | Male | 29,738 | 201.6 | 199.2 | 204.1 |
2004 | Respiratory disease | Female | 35,261 | 136.7 | 135.2 | 138.1 |
2005 | Cancer | Male | 65,778 | 371.4 | 368.5 | 374.4 |
2005 | Cancer | Female | 60,469 | 247.3 | 245.3 | 249.3 |
2005 | Cardiovascular disease | Male | 76,751 | 468.0 | 464.5 | 471.5 |
2005 | Cardiovascular disease | Female | 82,312 | 313.6 | 311.5 | 315.8 |
2005 | Dementia and Alzheimer's | Male | 8,126 | 58.6 | 57.3 | 60.0 |
2005 | Dementia and Alzheimer's | Female | 17,270 | 63.6 | 62.6 | 64.5 |
2005 | Respiratory disease | Male | 30,653 | 203.2 | 200.8 | 205.7 |
2005 | Respiratory disease | Female | 37,147 | 142.1 | 140.6 | 143.5 |
2006 | Cancer | Male | 66,394 | 368.1 | 365.2 | 371.0 |
2006 | Cancer | Female | 60,385 | 244.9 | 242.9 | 246.9 |
2006 | Cardiovascular disease | Male | 73,496 | 439.6 | 436.3 | 443.0 |
2006 | Cardiovascular disease | Female | 77,959 | 293.6 | 291.5 | 295.7 |
2006 | Dementia and Alzheimer's | Male | 8,522 | 59.7 | 58.4 | 61.0 |
2006 | Dementia and Alzheimer's | Female | 17,486 | 63.5 | 62.6 | 64.5 |
2006 | Respiratory disease | Male | 29,528 | 191.4 | 189.1 | 193.7 |
2006 | Respiratory disease | Female | 34,846 | 131.9 | 130.5 | 133.3 |
2007 | Cancer | Male | 66,526 | 362.0 | 359.2 | 364.9 |
2007 | Cancer | Female | 61,193 | 245.3 | 243.4 | 247.3 |
2007 | Cardiovascular disease | Male | 71,469 | 418.7 | 415.5 | 422.0 |
2007 | Cardiovascular disease | Female | 76,053 | 282.6 | 280.5 | 284.6 |
2007 | Dementia and Alzheimer's | Male | 9,769 | 66.8 | 65.4 | 68.2 |
2007 | Dementia and Alzheimer's | Female | 19,733 | 70.9 | 69.9 | 71.9 |
2007 | Respiratory disease | Male | 29,468 | 186.5 | 184.3 | 188.8 |
2007 | Respiratory disease | Female | 35,026 | 131.3 | 129.9 | 132.7 |
2008 | Cancer | Male | 67,305 | 360.1 | 357.3 | 362.9 |
2008 | Cancer | Female | 61,497 | 243.9 | 242.0 | 245.9 |
2008 | Cardiovascular disease | Male | 70,454 | 407.9 | 404.7 | 411.1 |
2008 | Cardiovascular disease | Female | 75,363 | 278.2 | 276.2 | 280.2 |
2008 | Dementia and Alzheimer's | Male | 10,804 | 72.9 | 71.5 | 74.4 |
2008 | Dementia and Alzheimer's | Female | 21,987 | 78.8 | 77.7 | 79.8 |
2008 | Respiratory disease | Male | 30,691 | 190.9 | 188.6 | 193.2 |
2008 | Respiratory disease | Female | 36,465 | 136.3 | 134.9 | 137.7 |
2009 | Cancer | Male | 67,797 | 354.1 | 351.3 | 356.8 |
2009 | Cancer | Female | 60,751 | 238.5 | 236.6 | 240.4 |
2009 | Cardiovascular disease | Male | 67,734 | 381.1 | 378.1 | 384.1 |
2009 | Cardiovascular disease | Female | 70,805 | 257.7 | 255.7 | 259.6 |
2009 | Dementia and Alzheimer's | Male | 10,857 | 70.7 | 69.3 | 72.1 |
2009 | Dementia and Alzheimer's | Female | 21,544 | 76.1 | 75.1 | 77.2 |
2009 | Respiratory disease | Male | 29,709 | 179.1 | 177.0 | 181.3 |
2009 | Respiratory disease | Female | 33,408 | 123.2 | 121.9 | 124.6 |
2010 | Cancer | Male | 68,207 | 349.7 | 347.0 | 352.4 |
2010 | Cancer | Female | 61,316 | 237.3 | 235.4 | 239.2 |
2010 | Cardiovascular disease | Male | 67,363 | 369.9 | 367.0 | 372.9 |
2010 | Cardiovascular disease | Female | 69,666 | 248.5 | 246.7 | 250.4 |
2010 | Dementia and Alzheimer's | Male | 11,922 | 74.6 | 73.2 | 76.0 |
2010 | Dementia and Alzheimer's | Female | 24,066 | 82.8 | 81.7 | 83.8 |
2010 | Respiratory disease | Male | 29,490 | 171.9 | 169.8 | 173.9 |
2010 | Respiratory disease | Female | 33,287 | 120.3 | 119.0 | 121.6 |
2011 | Cancer | Male | 68,925 | 346.9 | 344.3 | 349.6 |
2011 | Cancer | Female | 62,107 | 237.3 | 235.4 | 239.2 |
2011 | Cardiovascular disease | Male | 63,824 | 341.6 | 338.8 | 344.3 |
2011 | Cardiovascular disease | Female | 65,260 | 229.1 | 227.3 | 230.9 |
2011 | Dementia and Alzheimer's | Male | 12,018 | 73.2 | 71.9 | 74.6 |
2011 | Dementia and Alzheimer's | Female | 25,601 | 85.6 | 84.5 | 86.6 |
2011 | Respiratory disease | Male | 29,082 | 164.6 | 162.7 | 166.6 |
2011 | Respiratory disease | Female | 32,355 | 114.3 | 113.0 | 115.5 |
2012 | Cancer | Male | 70,389 | 346.5 | 343.9 | 349.1 |
2012 | Cancer | Female | 62,715 | 236.1 | 234.2 | 237.9 |
2012 | Cardiovascular disease | Male | 63,693 | 333.0 | 330.3 | 335.7 |
2012 | Cardiovascular disease | Female | 66,838 | 230.1 | 228.4 | 231.9 |
2012 | Dementia and Alzheimer's | Male | 14,081 | 82.6 | 81.2 | 84.1 |
2012 | Dementia and Alzheimer's | Female | 29,572 | 96.6 | 95.5 | 97.7 |
2012 | Respiratory disease | Male | 30,425 | 167.5 | 165.6 | 169.5 |
2012 | Respiratory disease | Female | 33,797 | 117.1 | 115.8 | 118.3 |
2013 | Cancer | Male | 70,458 | 339.6 | 337.0 | 342.1 |
2013 | Cancer | Female | 62,410 | 232.0 | 230.2 | 233.9 |
2013 | Cardiovascular disease | Male | 64,348 | 328.3 | 325.7 | 330.9 |
2013 | Cardiovascular disease | Female | 65,100 | 221.6 | 219.9 | 223.3 |
2013 | Dementia and Alzheimer's | Male | 15,390 | 88.1 | 86.6 | 89.5 |
2013 | Dementia and Alzheimer's | Female | 31,584 | 102.2 | 101.1 | 103.4 |
2013 | Respiratory disease | Male | 31,889 | 171.1 | 169.1 | 173.0 |
2013 | Respiratory disease | Female | 35,370 | 121.3 | 120.0 | 122.6 |
2014 | Cancer | Male | 71,444 | 336.0 | 333.5 | 338.5 |
2014 | Cancer | Female | 62,908 | 229.8 | 228.0 | 231.6 |
2014 | Cardiovascular disease | Male | 63,765 | 315.5 | 313.0 | 318.0 |
2014 | Cardiovascular disease | Female | 62,497 | 209.0 | 207.3 | 210.7 |
2014 | Dementia and Alzheimer's | Male | 16,175 | 89.6 | 88.2 | 91.1 |
2014 | Dementia and Alzheimer's | Female | 32,285 | 102.4 | 101.3 | 103.5 |
2014 | Respiratory disease | Male | 29,866 | 154.2 | 152.5 | 156.0 |
2014 | Respiratory disease | Female | 31,975 | 108.2 | 107.0 | 109.4 |
2015 | Cancer | Male | 72,179 | 333.4 | 330.9 | 335.9 |
2015 | Cancer | Female | 63,120 | 228.2 | 226.4 | 230.0 |
2015 | Cardiovascular disease | Male | 65,080 | 316.2 | 313.8 | 318.7 |
2015 | Cardiovascular disease | Female | 63,642 | 211.6 | 209.9 | 213.3 |
2015 | Dementia and Alzheimer's | Male | 19,312 | 104.8 | 103.2 | 106.3 |
2015 | Dementia and Alzheimer's | Female | 38,986 | 123.0 | 121.8 | 124.3 |
2015 | Respiratory disease | Male | 33,318 | 169.3 | 167.4 | 171.1 |
2015 | Respiratory disease | Female | 36,554 | 122.4 | 121.1 | 123.6 |
2016 | Cancer | Male | 72,824 | 329.8 | 327.3 | 332.2 |
2016 | Cancer | Female | 64,072 | 229.1 | 227.3 | 230.9 |
2016 | Cardiovascular disease | Male | 63,740 | 301.8 | 299.4 | 304.2 |
2016 | Cardiovascular disease | Female | 60,470 | 199.0 | 197.4 | 200.6 |
2016 | Dementia and Alzheimer's | Male | 19,985 | 105.2 | 103.7 | 106.7 |
2016 | Dementia and Alzheimer's | Female | 39,408 | 122.9 | 121.7 | 124.1 |
2016 | Respiratory disease | Male | 32,698 | 160.5 | 158.7 | 162.3 |
2016 | Respiratory disease | Female | 34,107 | 113.8 | 112.6 | 115.0 |
2017 | Cancer | Male | 73,400 | 325.3 | 322.9 | 327.7 |
2017 | Cancer | Female | 63,567 | 223.7 | 222.0 | 225.5 |
2017 | Cardiovascular disease | Male | 64,169 | 297.3 | 294.9 | 299.6 |
2017 | Cardiovascular disease | Female | 60,055 | 195.7 | 194.1 | 197.2 |
2017 | Dementia and Alzheimer's | Male | 21,725 | 111.5 | 110.0 | 113.0 |
2017 | Dementia and Alzheimer's | Female | 42,059 | 130.0 | 128.8 | 131.3 |
2017 | Respiratory disease | Male | 33,259 | 159.9 | 158.2 | 161.7 |
2017 | Respiratory disease | Female | 34,841 | 114.4 | 113.2 | 115.7 |
2018 | Cancer | Male | 73,346 | 318.8 | 316.5 | 321.2 |
2018 | Cancer | Female | 63,560 | 220.7 | 219.0 | 222.5 |
2018 | Cardiovascular disease | Male | 64,464 | 291.8 | 289.5 | 294.1 |
2018 | Cardiovascular disease | Female | 58,343 | 188.8 | 187.2 | 190.3 |
2018 | Dementia and Alzheimer's | Male | 22,314 | 111.6 | 110.1 | 113.1 |
2018 | Dementia and Alzheimer's | Female | 43,074 | 132.8 | 131.6 | 134.1 |
2018 | Respiratory disease | Male | 34,560 | 162.3 | 160.6 | 164.1 |
2018 | Respiratory disease | Female | 36,332 | 118.6 | 117.4 | 119.8 |
2019 | Cancer | Male | 73,805 | 313.4 | 311.1 | 315.7 |
2019 | Cancer | Female | 64,046 | 218.2 | 216.5 | 219.9 |
2019 | Cardiovascular disease | Male | 63,532 | 280.6 | 278.4 | 282.9 |
2019 | Cardiovascular disease | Female | 56,716 | 180.1 | 178.6 | 181.6 |
2019 | Dementia and Alzheimer's | Male | 22,339 | 108.1 | 106.7 | 109.6 |
2019 | Dementia and Alzheimer's | Female | 40,437 | 122.4 | 121.2 | 123.6 |
2019 | Respiratory disease | Male | 33,104 | 150.4 | 148.7 | 152.0 |
2019 | Respiratory disease | Female | 34,002 | 109.2 | 108.0 | 110.4 |
2020 | COVID-19 | Male | 38,521 | 169.9 | 168.2 | 171.7 |
2020 | COVID-19 | Female | 30,769 | 97.9 | 96.8 | 99.0 |
2020 | Cancer | Male | 73,909 | 310.3 | 308.0 | 312.6 |
2020 | Cancer | Female | 64,117 | 217.0 | 215.3 | 218.7 |
2020 | Cardiovascular disease | Male | 66,443 | 289.3 | 287.1 | 291.6 |
2020 | Cardiovascular disease | Female | 57,664 | 182.8 | 181.3 | 184.3 |
2020 | Dementia and Alzheimer's | Male | 22,785 | 108.9 | 107.4 | 110.3 |
2020 | Dementia and Alzheimer's | Female | 43,351 | 131.3 | 130.1 | 132.6 |
2020 | Respiratory disease | Male | 29,582 | 132.7 | 131.1 | 134.2 |
2020 | Respiratory disease | Female | 28,212 | 90.4 | 89.3 | 91.4 |
2021 | COVID-19 | Male | 34,749 | 148.7 | 147.1 | 150.3 |
2021 | COVID-19 | Female | 28,803 | 91.8 | 90.8 | 92.9 |
2021 | Cancer | Male | 72,225 | 298.3 | 296.1 | 300.5 |
2021 | Cancer | Female | 63,420 | 211.5 | 209.8 | 213.2 |
2021 | Cardiovascular disease | Male | 67,745 | 289.5 | 287.3 | 291.7 |
2021 | Cardiovascular disease | Female | 57,700 | 181.1 | 179.6 | 182.6 |
2021 | Dementia and Alzheimer's | Male | 19,786 | 92.8 | 91.5 | 94.1 |
2021 | Dementia and Alzheimer's | Female | 37,921 | 113.8 | 112.7 | 115.0 |
2021 | Respiratory disease | Male | 26,209 | 115.4 | 114.0 | 116.8 |
2021 | Respiratory disease | Female | 24,794 | 78.7 | 77.8 | 79.7 |
2022 | COVID-19 | Male | 11,477 | 50.2 | 49.2 | 51.1 |
2022 | COVID-19 | Female | 9,590 | 29.5 | 28.9 | 30.1 |
2022 | Cancer | Male | 74,583 | 301.5 | 299.3 | 303.7 |
2022 | Cancer | Female | 65,039 | 213.1 | 211.4 | 214.7 |
2022 | Cardiovascular disease | Male | 71,266 | 298.0 | 295.8 | 300.2 |
2022 | Cardiovascular disease | Female | 60,012 | 185.0 | 183.5 | 186.5 |
2022 | Dementia and Alzheimer's | Male | 22,014 | 100.2 | 98.9 | 101.6 |
2022 | Dementia and Alzheimer's | Female | 40,104 | 118.1 | 116.9 | 119.3 |
2022 | Respiratory disease | Male | 30,285 | 129.5 | 128.1 | 131.0 |
2022 | Respiratory disease | Female | 29,190 | 91.1 | 90.0 | 92.1 |
2023 | COVID-19 | Male | 5,999 | 25.7 | 25.0 | 26.4 |
2023 | COVID-19 | Female | 5,017 | 15.2 | 14.8 | 15.6 |
2023 | Cancer | Male | 74,753 | 296.6 | 294.5 | 298.8 |
2023 | Cancer | Female | 64,790 | 209.4 | 207.7 | 211.0 |
2023 | Cardiovascular disease | Male | 71,634 | 294.2 | 292.0 | 296.4 |
2023 | Cardiovascular disease | Female | 59,431 | 181.2 | 179.7 | 182.7 |
2023 | Dementia and Alzheimer's | Male | 22,569 | 100.6 | 99.2 | 101.9 |
2023 | Dementia and Alzheimer's | Female | 40,486 | 117.9 | 116.8 | 119.1 |
2023 | Respiratory disease | Male | 33,817 | 141.9 | 140.4 | 143.5 |
2023 | Respiratory disease | Female | 32,708 | 100.6 | 99.5 | 101.7 |
2024 | COVID-19 | Male | 3,385 | 14.1 | 13.7 | 14.6 |
2024 | COVID-19 | Female | 2,765 | 8.3 | 7.9 | 8.6 |
2024 | Cancer | Male | 74,869 | 291.2 | 289.1 | 293.3 |
2024 | Cancer | Female | 64,924 | 205.9 | 204.4 | 207.6 |
2024 | Cardiovascular disease | Male | 69,549 | 279.0 | 276.9 | 281.1 |
2024 | Cardiovascular disease | Female | 56,709 | 170.5 | 169.0 | 171.9 |
2024 | Dementia and Alzheimer's | Male | 23,463 | 101.7 | 100.4 | 103.1 |
2024 | Dementia and Alzheimer's | Female | 40,891 | 117.6 | 116.5 | 118.8 |
2024 | Respiratory disease | Male | 32,895 | 134.8 | 133.4 | 136.3 |
2024 | Respiratory disease | Female | 31,340 | 95.1 | 94.0 | 96.1 |
Rates are standardised rates per 100,000 population |
Data source 2001 to 2023: Office for Health Improvement and Disparities (OHID) using Office for National Statistics (ONS) data published in Fingertips View the Fingertips Mortality Profile
Data source 2024: Office for Health Improvement and Disparities (OHID) using Office for National Statistics (ONS) provisional data as at 15 April 2025
View age-standardised mortality rate definition in the Fingertips Mortality Profile
Source: Office for Health Improvement and Disparities, based on Office for National Statistics data (2024 data is provisional)
Table 5 shows that for dementia and Alzheimer’s disease, the mortality rate increased for both sexes across both decades (2001 to 2010 and 2010 to 2019) and the increase was larger in the second decade.
The reduction in mortality rates from both cardiovascular and respiratory diseases was larger in the earlier decade (2001 to 2010) for both sexes.
Compared with these other leading causes, reductions in cancer mortality rates were similar across these time periods for both sexes.
Rate per 100,000 | |||||
---|---|---|---|---|---|
Decade | Cancer | Cardiovascular disease | Dementia and Alzheimer's | Respiratory disease | |
2001 to 2010 | -5.1 | -23.92 | 1.32 | -4.53 | |
2010 to 2019 | -4 | -8.54 | 4.73 | -1.6 | |
2022 to 2024 | -5.14 | -9.49 | 0.75 | 2.65 | |
A negative value indicates an improvement in mortality rate within the period. 2020 and 2021 have been excluded due to the impact of the COVID-19 pandemic. |
Rate per 100,000 | |||||
---|---|---|---|---|---|
Decade | Cancer | Cardiovascular disease | Dementia and Alzheimer's | Respiratory disease | |
2001 to 2010 | -2.15 | -15.1 | 2.14 | -2.08 | |
2010 to 2019 | -2.18 | -6.88 | 5.68 | -0.55 | |
2022 to 2024 | -3.56 | -7.29 | -0.23 | 2 | |
A negative value indicates an improvement in mortality rate within the period. 2020 and 2021 have been excluded due to the impact of the COVID-19 pandemic. |
Cancer
While there was concern that disruption to screening and treatment during the COVID-19 pandemic might lead to an increase in cancer mortality, overall rates have so far followed the long-term trend by continuing to decrease.
Provisional cancer rates for 2024 (male: 291 per 100,000 population, female: 206 per 100,000) were significantly lower than both 2023 and 2019 (Figure 7).
For deaths, the most common cancer sites are lung and colorectal (bowel) for both sexes, followed by prostate cancer for men and breast cancer for women. Mortality rates for female breast cancer, prostate cancer, and lung cancer for both sexes, were significantly lower in 2024 than in 2019. For colorectal cancer, rates were similar to 2019 for both sexes.
For some cancer sites, long-term trends show a different picture to the overall cancer trend.
The male lung cancer mortality rate fell by 46% between 2001 and 2024. Although the female rate remained lower than the male rate across the whole of this period, the trend was different, increasing between 2001 and 2008, before starting to fall. The female rate in 2024 was 10% lower than 2001. Higher male lung cancer mortality is likely to be related to higher smoking prevalence over time in men than in women, as an estimated 78% of lung cancer deaths in the UK are caused by smoking tobacco. Trends in smoking prevalence and smoking cessation are therefore likely to explain the difference in trends in lung cancer mortality between the sexes.
In 1948, estimated smoking prevalence for men was twice as high as for women (82% and 41% respectively). However, once the dangers of smoking became clearer, smoking prevalence fell faster among men and levels of smoking between the sexes started to converge. Between 1974 and 1990, smoking prevalence fell by 40% for men but only by 28% for women. This difference may have contributed to the fact that female lung cancer rates were increasing in the first decade of this century. In 2023, smoking prevalence was 13.4% in men and 9.9% in women.
Breast cancer and prostate cancer mortality rates fell between 2001 and 2024, by 36% and 30% respectively. Male and female colorectal cancer mortality rates also fell across this period, by 25% and 19% respectively. However, the female mortality rate for colorectal cancer did not improve in the 10 years to 2024.
While cancer mortality rates generally fell between 2001 and 2024, the female lung cancer rate increased in the 2000s.
Year | Cause | Sex | Deaths | Rate | Lower95CL | Upper95CL |
---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
2001 | Breast cancer | Female | 10,945 | 46.1 | 45.2 | 46.9 |
2001 | Colorectal cancer | Male | 6,899 | 41.1 | 40.1 | 42.2 |
2001 | Colorectal cancer | Female | 6,119 | 25.2 | 24.5 | 25.8 |
2001 | Lung cancer | Male | 16,559 | 96.1 | 94.6 | 97.6 |
2001 | Lung cancer | Female | 10,439 | 44.8 | 43.9 | 45.6 |
2001 | Prostate cancer | Male | 8,581 | 58.1 | 56.8 | 59.4 |
2002 | Breast cancer | Female | 10,879 | 45.4 | 44.5 | 46.3 |
2002 | Colorectal cancer | Male | 6,985 | 41.1 | 40.1 | 42.2 |
2002 | Colorectal cancer | Female | 6,217 | 25.4 | 24.8 | 26 |
2002 | Lung cancer | Male | 16,383 | 93.4 | 91.9 | 94.8 |
2002 | Lung cancer | Female | 10,699 | 45.5 | 44.7 | 46.4 |
2002 | Prostate cancer | Male | 8,753 | 58.5 | 57.2 | 59.8 |
2003 | Breast cancer | Female | 10,582 | 43.9 | 43.1 | 44.8 |
2003 | Colorectal cancer | Male | 6,883 | 40.1 | 39.1 | 41.1 |
2003 | Colorectal cancer | Female | 6,034 | 24.6 | 24 | 25.2 |
2003 | Lung cancer | Male | 16,069 | 90.9 | 89.5 | 92.4 |
2003 | Lung cancer | Female | 10,906 | 46.0 | 45.1 | 46.9 |
2003 | Prostate cancer | Male | 8,857 | 58.7 | 57.4 | 60 |
2004 | Breast cancer | Female | 10,369 | 42.9 | 42.1 | 43.7 |
2004 | Colorectal cancer | Male | 6,946 | 40.0 | 39 | 41 |
2004 | Colorectal cancer | Female | 6,049 | 24.6 | 24 | 25.2 |
2004 | Lung cancer | Male | 15,740 | 87.6 | 86.2 | 89.1 |
2004 | Lung cancer | Female | 10,678 | 45.0 | 44.2 | 45.9 |
2004 | Prostate cancer | Male | 8,818 | 57.2 | 56 | 58.5 |
2005 | Breast cancer | Female | 10,377 | 42.4 | 41.6 | 43.3 |
2005 | Colorectal cancer | Male | 6,938 | 39.4 | 38.4 | 40.3 |
2005 | Colorectal cancer | Female | 6,002 | 24.2 | 23.5 | 24.8 |
2005 | Lung cancer | Male | 15,692 | 86.4 | 85 | 87.8 |
2005 | Lung cancer | Female | 11,119 | 46.5 | 45.7 | 47.4 |
2005 | Prostate cancer | Male | 8,777 | 55.8 | 54.6 | 57.1 |
2006 | Breast cancer | Female | 10,322 | 41.8 | 41 | 42.6 |
2006 | Colorectal cancer | Male | 6,873 | 38.3 | 37.4 | 39.3 |
2006 | Colorectal cancer | Female | 6,008 | 23.9 | 23.3 | 24.5 |
2006 | Lung cancer | Male | 15,846 | 85.8 | 84.5 | 87.2 |
2006 | Lung cancer | Female | 11,540 | 47.9 | 47.1 | 48.8 |
2006 | Prostate cancer | Male | 8,795 | 54.6 | 53.4 | 55.8 |
2007 | Breast cancer | Female | 10,064 | 40.4 | 39.7 | 41.3 |
2007 | Colorectal cancer | Male | 6,801 | 36.9 | 36 | 37.8 |
2007 | Colorectal cancer | Female | 6,053 | 23.8 | 23.2 | 24.4 |
2007 | Lung cancer | Male | 15,811 | 84.1 | 82.8 | 85.5 |
2007 | Lung cancer | Female | 11,869 | 48.6 | 47.7 | 49.5 |
2007 | Prostate cancer | Male | 8,958 | 54.4 | 53.3 | 55.6 |
2008 | Breast cancer | Female | 10,142 | 40.2 | 39.5 | 41 |
2008 | Colorectal cancer | Male | 7,077 | 38.0 | 37.1 | 38.9 |
2008 | Colorectal cancer | Female | 6,004 | 23.4 | 22.8 | 24 |
2008 | Lung cancer | Male | 16,019 | 84.0 | 82.7 | 85.4 |
2008 | Lung cancer | Female | 12,203 | 49.5 | 48.6 | 50.4 |
2008 | Prostate cancer | Male | 8,890 | 53.0 | 51.8 | 54.1 |
2009 | Breast cancer | Female | 9,825 | 38.6 | 37.8 | 39.3 |
2009 | Colorectal cancer | Male | 6,892 | 36.0 | 35.1 | 36.9 |
2009 | Colorectal cancer | Female | 5,812 | 22.4 | 21.8 | 23 |
2009 | Lung cancer | Male | 15,949 | 81.8 | 80.5 | 83.1 |
2009 | Lung cancer | Female | 12,111 | 48.6 | 47.7 | 49.4 |
2009 | Prostate cancer | Male | 9,146 | 52.6 | 51.5 | 53.7 |
2010 | Breast cancer | Female | 9,706 | 37.6 | 36.8 | 38.4 |
2010 | Colorectal cancer | Male | 7,055 | 36.1 | 35.2 | 37 |
2010 | Colorectal cancer | Female | 5,863 | 22.2 | 21.6 | 22.8 |
2010 | Lung cancer | Male | 15,748 | 79.0 | 77.7 | 80.2 |
2010 | Lung cancer | Female | 12,317 | 48.7 | 47.9 | 49.6 |
2010 | Prostate cancer | Male | 9,399 | 53.1 | 52 | 54.2 |
2011 | Breast cancer | Female | 9,775 | 37.3 | 36.5 | 38 |
2011 | Colorectal cancer | Male | 6,974 | 35.3 | 34.4 | 36.2 |
2011 | Colorectal cancer | Female | 5,817 | 21.7 | 21.1 | 22.3 |
2011 | Lung cancer | Male | 15,707 | 77.6 | 76.3 | 78.8 |
2011 | Lung cancer | Female | 12,459 | 48.7 | 47.8 | 49.6 |
2011 | Prostate cancer | Male | 9,416 | 51.9 | 50.8 | 53 |
2012 | Breast cancer | Female | 9,770 | 36.7 | 35.9 | 37.4 |
2012 | Colorectal cancer | Male | 7,198 | 35.6 | 34.7 | 36.4 |
2012 | Colorectal cancer | Female | 5,955 | 21.9 | 21.3 | 22.5 |
2012 | Lung cancer | Male | 15,618 | 75.3 | 74.1 | 76.6 |
2012 | Lung cancer | Female | 12,697 | 48.8 | 48 | 49.7 |
2012 | Prostate cancer | Male | 9,433 | 50.7 | 49.7 | 51.8 |
2013 | Breast cancer | Female | 9,616 | 35.6 | 34.9 | 36.3 |
2013 | Colorectal cancer | Male | 7,051 | 34.0 | 33.2 | 34.9 |
2013 | Colorectal cancer | Female | 5,869 | 21.3 | 20.8 | 21.9 |
2013 | Lung cancer | Male | 15,778 | 74.6 | 73.4 | 75.8 |
2013 | Lung cancer | Female | 12,765 | 48.4 | 47.6 | 49.3 |
2013 | Prostate cancer | Male | 9,491 | 50.0 | 48.9 | 51 |
2014 | Breast cancer | Female | 9,566 | 34.8 | 34.1 | 35.5 |
2014 | Colorectal cancer | Male | 7,049 | 33.4 | 32.6 | 34.2 |
2014 | Colorectal cancer | Female | 5,905 | 21.1 | 20.5 | 21.6 |
2014 | Lung cancer | Male | 15,855 | 73.2 | 72 | 74.3 |
2014 | Lung cancer | Female | 12,992 | 48.5 | 47.7 | 49.3 |
2014 | Prostate cancer | Male | 9,529 | 48.4 | 47.4 | 49.4 |
2015 | Breast cancer | Female | 9,624 | 34.7 | 34 | 35.4 |
2015 | Colorectal cancer | Male | 7,136 | 33.0 | 32.3 | 33.8 |
2015 | Colorectal cancer | Female | 5,944 | 21.0 | 20.4 | 21.5 |
2015 | Lung cancer | Male | 15,509 | 70.4 | 69.3 | 71.6 |
2015 | Lung cancer | Female | 13,077 | 48.3 | 47.5 | 49.2 |
2015 | Prostate cancer | Male | 10,017 | 50.0 | 49 | 51 |
2016 | Breast cancer | Female | 9,684 | 34.5 | 33.8 | 35.2 |
2016 | Colorectal cancer | Male | 7,268 | 32.9 | 32.2 | 33.7 |
2016 | Colorectal cancer | Female | 6,066 | 21.2 | 20.7 | 21.8 |
2016 | Lung cancer | Male | 15,614 | 69.4 | 68.3 | 70.5 |
2016 | Lung cancer | Female | 12,950 | 47.3 | 46.5 | 48.1 |
2016 | Prostate cancer | Male | 9,851 | 48.0 | 47 | 49 |
2017 | Breast cancer | Female | 9,572 | 33.7 | 33 | 34.4 |
2017 | Colorectal cancer | Male | 7,509 | 33.2 | 32.5 | 34 |
2017 | Colorectal cancer | Female | 5,977 | 20.6 | 20.1 | 21.2 |
2017 | Lung cancer | Male | 15,228 | 66.3 | 65.3 | 67.4 |
2017 | Lung cancer | Female | 12,958 | 46.4 | 45.6 | 47.2 |
2017 | Prostate cancer | Male | 10,147 | 48.4 | 47.4 | 49.3 |
2018 | Breast cancer | Female | 9,631 | 33.4 | 32.8 | 34.1 |
2018 | Colorectal cancer | Male | 7,393 | 32.1 | 31.4 | 32.9 |
2018 | Colorectal cancer | Female | 6,089 | 20.7 | 20.2 | 21.2 |
2018 | Lung cancer | Male | 15,020 | 64.2 | 63.2 | 65.2 |
2018 | Lung cancer | Female | 12,661 | 44.8 | 44 | 45.6 |
2018 | Prostate cancer | Male | 10,068 | 46.8 | 45.9 | 47.8 |
2019 | Breast cancer | Female | 9,530 | 32.6 | 31.9 | 33.2 |
2019 | Colorectal cancer | Male | 7,601 | 32.4 | 31.6 | 33.1 |
2019 | Colorectal cancer | Female | 6,237 | 20.9 | 20.3 | 21.4 |
2019 | Lung cancer | Male | 14,891 | 62.3 | 61.3 | 63.3 |
2019 | Lung cancer | Female | 12,625 | 43.7 | 43 | 44.5 |
2019 | Prostate cancer | Male | 10,263 | 46.3 | 45.4 | 47.2 |
2020 | Breast cancer | Female | 9,638 | 32.6 | 32 | 33.3 |
2020 | Colorectal cancer | Male | 7,722 | 32.4 | 31.6 | 33.1 |
2020 | Colorectal cancer | Female | 6,311 | 21.0 | 20.5 | 21.5 |
2020 | Lung cancer | Male | 14,349 | 59.2 | 58.2 | 60.2 |
2020 | Lung cancer | Female | 12,586 | 43.3 | 42.5 | 44.1 |
2020 | Prostate cancer | Male | 10,268 | 45.8 | 44.9 | 46.7 |
2021 | Breast cancer | Female | 9,055 | 30.3 | 29.7 | 31 |
2021 | Colorectal cancer | Male | 7,575 | 31.3 | 30.6 | 32 |
2021 | Colorectal cancer | Female | 6,329 | 20.7 | 20.2 | 21.3 |
2021 | Lung cancer | Male | 13,877 | 56.2 | 55.3 | 57.2 |
2021 | Lung cancer | Female | 12,533 | 42.4 | 41.7 | 43.2 |
2021 | Prostate cancer | Male | 9,768 | 43.0 | 42.1 | 43.8 |
2022 | Breast cancer | Female | 9,368 | 30.8 | 30.2 | 31.5 |
2022 | Colorectal cancer | Male | 7,811 | 31.6 | 30.9 | 32.3 |
2022 | Colorectal cancer | Female | 6,479 | 20.8 | 20.3 | 21.4 |
2022 | Lung cancer | Male | 13,908 | 55.3 | 54.3 | 56.2 |
2022 | Lung cancer | Female | 12,812 | 42.5 | 41.8 | 43.2 |
2022 | Prostate cancer | Male | 10,349 | 44.3 | 43.5 | 45.2 |
2023 | Breast cancer | Female | 9,347 | 30.4 | 29.8 | 31.1 |
2023 | Colorectal cancer | Male | 7,877 | 31.3 | 30.6 | 32 |
2023 | Colorectal cancer | Female | 6,692 | 21.2 | 20.7 | 21.7 |
2023 | Lung cancer | Male | 13,530 | 52.7 | 51.8 | 53.6 |
2023 | Lung cancer | Female | 12,521 | 41.0 | 40.2 | 41.7 |
2023 | Prostate cancer | Male | 10,427 | 43.7 | 42.9 | 44.6 |
2024 | Breast cancer | Female | 9,234 | 29.6 | 29 | 30.3 |
2024 | Colorectal cancer | Male | 7,967 | 31.0 | 30.3 | 31.7 |
2024 | Colorectal cancer | Female | 6,558 | 20.5 | 20 | 21 |
2024 | Lung cancer | Male | 13,468 | 51.6 | 50.7 | 52.5 |
2024 | Lung cancer | Female | 12,556 | 40.2 | 39.5 | 40.9 |
2024 | Prostate cancer | Male | 9,998 | 40.9 | 40.1 | 41.8 |
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Data source 2001 to 2023: Office for Health Improvement and Disparities (OHID) using Office for National Statistics (ONS) data published in Fingertips View the Fingertips Mortality Profile
Data source 2024: Office for Health Improvement and Disparities (OHID) using Office for National Statistics (ONS) provisional data as at 15 April 2025
View age-standardised mortality rate definition in the Fingertips Mortality Profile
Source: Office for Health Improvement and Disparities, based on Office for National Statistics data (2024 data is provisional)
Cardiovascular diseases
Unlike cancer, mortality rates for cardiovascular disease did not decrease during the pandemic.
The male mortality rate for cardiovascular disease increased significantly in 2020, and rates for the next 3 years remained significantly higher than 2019. A fall in 2024 returned the rate to a similar level to 2019. The female rate for cardiovascular disease did not increase significantly in 2020, however. Only the rate in 2022 was significantly higher than 2019 and by 2024 the rate was significantly lower than 2019 (Figure 8).
Ischaemic heart disease and stroke are the leading cause of deaths from cardiovascular disease and both have decreased substantially since 2001. Male and female mortality rates from ischaemic heart disease fell by 60% and 70% respectively, between 2001 and 2024, while rates from stroke fell by approximately 60% for both sexes.
Female mortality rates for ischaemic heart disease and rates for stroke for both sexes did not increase significantly during the pandemic. Rates for 2023 and 2024 were significantly lower than 2019.
The male ischaemic heart disease rate, however, increased each year from 2019 to 2022, before decreasing in 2023, and the 2024 rate was significantly lower than 2019.
There has been a decrease in mortality rates from ischaemic heart disease and stroke for both sexes, but the male rate for ischaemic heart disease increased between 2019 and 2022.
Year | Cause | Sex | Deaths | Rate | Lower95CL | Upper95CL |
---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
2001 | Ischaemic heart disease | Male | 53,506 | 333.2 | 330.2 | 336.2 |
2001 | Ischaemic heart disease | Female | 42,947 | 170.3 | 168.7 | 171.9 |
2001 | Stroke | Male | 18,371 | 126.3 | 124.4 | 128.3 |
2001 | Stroke | Female | 30,452 | 118.0 | 116.7 | 119.3 |
2002 | Ischaemic heart disease | Male | 51,911 | 320.7 | 317.8 | 323.6 |
2002 | Ischaemic heart disease | Female | 41,807 | 164.5 | 162.9 | 166.1 |
2002 | Stroke | Male | 18,697 | 127.3 | 125.4 | 129.3 |
2002 | Stroke | Female | 30,569 | 117.4 | 116.1 | 118.8 |
2003 | Ischaemic heart disease | Male | 49,999 | 305.0 | 302.2 | 307.8 |
2003 | Ischaemic heart disease | Female | 40,757 | 159.5 | 158 | 161.1 |
2003 | Stroke | Male | 18,079 | 121.0 | 119.1 | 122.9 |
2003 | Stroke | Female | 30,007 | 115.2 | 113.9 | 116.5 |
2004 | Ischaemic heart disease | Male | 46,996 | 283.2 | 280.5 | 285.9 |
2004 | Ischaemic heart disease | Female | 37,232 | 145.1 | 143.6 | 146.6 |
2004 | Stroke | Male | 16,716 | 109.9 | 108.2 | 111.7 |
2004 | Stroke | Female | 27,406 | 104.7 | 103.4 | 105.9 |
2005 | Ischaemic heart disease | Male | 44,750 | 265.0 | 262.5 | 267.6 |
2005 | Ischaemic heart disease | Female | 35,203 | 135.4 | 134 | 136.8 |
2005 | Stroke | Male | 15,894 | 102.6 | 100.9 | 104.3 |
2005 | Stroke | Female | 26,296 | 99.1 | 97.9 | 100.3 |
2006 | Ischaemic heart disease | Male | 42,257 | 245.6 | 243.1 | 248 |
2006 | Ischaemic heart disease | Female | 32,795 | 124.7 | 123.4 | 126.1 |
2006 | Stroke | Male | 15,424 | 97.7 | 96.1 | 99.3 |
2006 | Stroke | Female | 24,837 | 92.4 | 91.2 | 93.5 |
2007 | Ischaemic heart disease | Male | 40,920 | 233.4 | 231 | 235.7 |
2007 | Ischaemic heart disease | Female | 31,585 | 118.4 | 117.1 | 119.8 |
2007 | Stroke | Male | 14,684 | 90.9 | 89.3 | 92.5 |
2007 | Stroke | Female | 24,067 | 88.4 | 87.3 | 89.6 |
2008 | Ischaemic heart disease | Male | 39,554 | 221.7 | 219.4 | 224 |
2008 | Ischaemic heart disease | Female | 30,353 | 113.3 | 112 | 114.6 |
2008 | Stroke | Male | 14,706 | 89.8 | 88.3 | 91.4 |
2008 | Stroke | Female | 23,914 | 87.1 | 86 | 88.2 |
2009 | Ischaemic heart disease | Male | 37,777 | 206.8 | 204.6 | 209 |
2009 | Ischaemic heart disease | Female | 27,783 | 102.0 | 100.8 | 103.2 |
2009 | Stroke | Male | 13,922 | 82.3 | 80.9 | 83.8 |
2009 | Stroke | Female | 22,261 | 80.1 | 79 | 81.1 |
2010 | Ischaemic heart disease | Male | 37,141 | 199.0 | 196.9 | 201.1 |
2010 | Ischaemic heart disease | Female | 26,629 | 96.1 | 94.9 | 97.3 |
2010 | Stroke | Male | 13,918 | 80.2 | 78.9 | 81.6 |
2010 | Stroke | Female | 22,115 | 77.9 | 76.9 | 79 |
2011 | Ischaemic heart disease | Male | 34,682 | 181.4 | 179.4 | 183.4 |
2011 | Ischaemic heart disease | Female | 24,528 | 87.1 | 86 | 88.3 |
2011 | Stroke | Male | 13,263 | 74.3 | 73 | 75.7 |
2011 | Stroke | Female | 20,178 | 70.0 | 69.1 | 71 |
2012 | Ischaemic heart disease | Male | 34,410 | 176.1 | 174.2 | 178 |
2012 | Ischaemic heart disease | Female | 24,598 | 85.6 | 84.5 | 86.7 |
2012 | Stroke | Male | 12,991 | 70.7 | 69.4 | 71.9 |
2012 | Stroke | Female | 20,240 | 68.9 | 67.9 | 69.8 |
2013 | Ischaemic heart disease | Male | 34,720 | 173.4 | 171.6 | 175.3 |
2013 | Ischaemic heart disease | Female | 23,945 | 82.6 | 81.5 | 83.6 |
2013 | Stroke | Male | 12,912 | 68.1 | 66.9 | 69.3 |
2013 | Stroke | Female | 19,276 | 64.9 | 64 | 65.9 |
2014 | Ischaemic heart disease | Male | 33,805 | 163.7 | 161.9 | 165.5 |
2014 | Ischaemic heart disease | Female | 22,560 | 76.4 | 75.4 | 77.4 |
2014 | Stroke | Male | 12,889 | 66.0 | 64.9 | 67.2 |
2014 | Stroke | Female | 18,226 | 60.3 | 59.4 | 61.2 |
2015 | Ischaemic heart disease | Male | 34,099 | 162.5 | 160.8 | 164.3 |
2015 | Ischaemic heart disease | Female | 22,392 | 75.4 | 74.4 | 76.4 |
2015 | Stroke | Male | 13,199 | 66.1 | 65 | 67.3 |
2015 | Stroke | Female | 18,738 | 61.8 | 60.9 | 62.7 |
2016 | Ischaemic heart disease | Male | 32,858 | 152.1 | 150.4 | 153.7 |
2016 | Ischaemic heart disease | Female | 20,811 | 69.4 | 68.5 | 70.4 |
2016 | Stroke | Male | 12,689 | 61.8 | 60.7 | 62.9 |
2016 | Stroke | Female | 17,111 | 56.0 | 55.1 | 56.8 |
2017 | Ischaemic heart disease | Male | 33,325 | 151.2 | 149.6 | 152.9 |
2017 | Ischaemic heart disease | Female | 20,527 | 67.8 | 66.9 | 68.8 |
2017 | Stroke | Male | 12,351 | 58.8 | 57.8 | 59.9 |
2017 | Stroke | Female | 16,729 | 54.1 | 53.3 | 54.9 |
2018 | Ischaemic heart disease | Male | 32,862 | 145.5 | 143.9 | 147.2 |
2018 | Ischaemic heart disease | Female | 19,128 | 62.8 | 61.9 | 63.7 |
2018 | Stroke | Male | 12,229 | 56.7 | 55.7 | 57.7 |
2018 | Stroke | Female | 16,288 | 52.4 | 51.6 | 53.2 |
2019 | Ischaemic heart disease | Male | 32,305 | 139.6 | 138.1 | 141.2 |
2019 | Ischaemic heart disease | Female | 18,837 | 60.7 | 59.9 | 61.6 |
2019 | Stroke | Male | 11,969 | 54.0 | 53 | 54.9 |
2019 | Stroke | Female | 15,259 | 48.2 | 47.4 | 48.9 |
2020 | Ischaemic heart disease | Male | 33,513 | 142.6 | 141 | 144.1 |
2020 | Ischaemic heart disease | Female | 18,553 | 59.8 | 58.9 | 60.7 |
2020 | Stroke | Male | 12,186 | 54.3 | 53.3 | 55.3 |
2020 | Stroke | Female | 15,563 | 49.1 | 48.3 | 49.9 |
2021 | Ischaemic heart disease | Male | 34,479 | 144.1 | 142.6 | 145.6 |
2021 | Ischaemic heart disease | Female | 18,419 | 58.8 | 57.9 | 59.6 |
2021 | Stroke | Male | 12,033 | 52.4 | 51.4 | 53.3 |
2021 | Stroke | Female | 15,109 | 47.2 | 46.4 | 47.9 |
2022 | Ischaemic heart disease | Male | 35,963 | 147.0 | 145.5 | 148.6 |
2022 | Ischaemic heart disease | Female | 19,233 | 60.3 | 59.5 | 61.2 |
2022 | Stroke | Male | 12,228 | 52.1 | 51.2 | 53.1 |
2022 | Stroke | Female | 15,239 | 46.8 | 46 | 47.5 |
2023 | Ischaemic heart disease | Male | 35,668 | 143.0 | 141.5 | 144.5 |
2023 | Ischaemic heart disease | Female | 18,202 | 56.5 | 55.7 | 57.4 |
2023 | Stroke | Male | 12,458 | 52.0 | 51 | 52.9 |
2023 | Stroke | Female | 15,143 | 46.0 | 45.2 | 46.7 |
2024 | Ischaemic heart disease | Male | 33,684 | 132.0 | 130.5 | 133.4 |
2024 | Ischaemic heart disease | Female | 16,766 | 51.3 | 50.6 | 52.1 |
2024 | Stroke | Male | 12,437 | 50.4 | 49.5 | 51.3 |
2024 | Stroke | Female | 14,908 | 44.6 | 43.9 | 45.3 |
Data source 2001 to 2023: Office for Health Improvement and Disparities (OHID) using Office for National Statistics (ONS) data published in Fingertips View the Fingertips Mortality Profile
Data source 2024: Office for Health Improvement and Disparities (OHID) using Office for National Statistics (ONS) provisional data as at 15 April 2025
View age-standardised mortality rate definition in the Fingertips Mortality Profile
Source: Office for Health Improvement and Disparities, based on Office for National Statistics data (2024 data is provisional)
Mortality rates for behavioural risk factors, and suicide rates
Alcohol-specific mortality rates have increased for both sexes since 2001, and there has been a more marked increase since 2019 during the pandemic and beyond (Figure 9). The upward trend in total alcohol-specific deaths was brought about by an increase in deaths from alcoholic liver disease, which account for around 80% of total alcohol-specific deaths. Alcohol-related cirrhosis can take a decade or more to develop, but most alcoholic liver disease deaths occur as a result of ‘acute-on-chronic’ liver failure due to recent alcohol intake. This is an acute deterioration in liver function in an individual who already has chronic liver disease and is strongly linked to heavy drinking. Heavy drinking increased during the COVID-19 pandemic and has remained high. Liver disease mortality rates respond rapidly to changes in population-level alcohol consumption and particularly to changes in the drinking patterns of heavy drinkers.
Drug misuse mortality rates have increased for both sexes since 2001, and between 2012 and 2023 have approximately doubled (Figure 9). While mortality rates increased during the pandemic (rates for both sexes were significantly higher in 2023 than in 2019), this is part of a longer-term upward trend.
The increase in drug misuse deaths is primarily being caused by a rise in deaths involving heroin and cocaine (separately or together). There is a cohort of heroin users born in the 1970s who now have significant physical health issues as a consequence of their long-term drug use. Alongside this, the harms associated with cocaine powder and crack cocaine have increased over the last decade due to the increased availability, purity and use of the drug.
There was concern that suicide rates might go up during the pandemic, but rates for both sexes in the years 2020 to 2023 were statistically similar to 2019. However, these data are based on the year deaths were registered in. Suicides are only registered following a coroner’s inquest, and the pandemic affected the function of coroners’ courts, leading to longer delays in death registration. Suicide rates have fluctuated for both sexes between 2001 and 2023, but rates at the start and end of that period were statistically similar (Figure 9).
Smoking attributable mortality is not included in the chart and estimates for the years during the COVID-19 pandemic are not currently available. However, there was a downward trend in smoking attributable mortality between 2013 to 2015 and 2017 to 2019. By 2019, 15% of all deaths in those aged 35 and over were estimated to be attributable to smoking (down from 18% in 2009).
Drug-misuse and alcohol-specific mortality rates have increased in recent years. Suicide rates in 2001 and 2023 were similar.
Year | Cause | Sex | Deaths | Rate | Lower95CL | Upper95CL |
---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
2001 | Alcohol-specific | Male | 2,698 | 12.3 | 11.9 | 12.8 |
2001 | Alcohol-specific | Female | 1,305 | 5.6 | 5.3 | 5.9 |
2001 | Drug misuse | Male | 1,382 | 5.3 | 5 | 5.6 |
2001 | Drug misuse | Female | 353 | 1.4 | 1.2 | 1.5 |
2001 | Suicide | Male | 3,424 | 16.5 | 15.9 | 17 |
2001 | Suicide | Female | 1,133 | 5.1 | 4.8 | 5.4 |
2002 | Alcohol-specific | Male | 2,784 | 12.7 | 12.2 | 13.2 |
2002 | Alcohol-specific | Female | 1,331 | 5.7 | 5.4 | 6 |
2002 | Drug misuse | Male | 1,214 | 4.6 | 4.4 | 4.9 |
2002 | Drug misuse | Female | 344 | 1.3 | 1.2 | 1.5 |
2002 | Suicide | Male | 3,296 | 15.6 | 15 | 16.1 |
2002 | Suicide | Female | 1,140 | 5.1 | 4.8 | 5.4 |
2003 | Alcohol-specific | Male | 3,050 | 13.7 | 13.2 | 14.1 |
2003 | Alcohol-specific | Female | 1,374 | 5.8 | 5.5 | 6.1 |
2003 | Drug misuse | Male | 1,042 | 4.0 | 3.7 | 4.2 |
2003 | Drug misuse | Female | 316 | 1.2 | 1.1 | 1.4 |
2003 | Suicide | Male | 3,298 | 15.6 | 15.1 | 16.2 |
2003 | Suicide | Female | 1,132 | 5.1 | 4.8 | 5.4 |
2004 | Alcohol-specific | Male | 3,008 | 13.4 | 13 | 13.9 |
2004 | Alcohol-specific | Female | 1,508 | 6.4 | 6 | 6.7 |
2004 | Drug misuse | Male | 1,150 | 4.4 | 4.2 | 4.7 |
2004 | Drug misuse | Female | 329 | 1.3 | 1.1 | 1.4 |
2004 | Suicide | Male | 3,297 | 15.6 | 15 | 16.1 |
2004 | Suicide | Female | 1,216 | 5.4 | 5.1 | 5.7 |
2005 | Alcohol-specific | Male | 3,224 | 14.3 | 13.8 | 14.8 |
2005 | Alcohol-specific | Female | 1,493 | 6.2 | 5.9 | 6.5 |
2005 | Drug misuse | Male | 1,215 | 4.6 | 4.4 | 4.9 |
2005 | Drug misuse | Female | 352 | 1.4 | 1.2 | 1.5 |
2005 | Suicide | Male | 3,252 | 15.2 | 14.7 | 15.8 |
2005 | Suicide | Female | 1,158 | 5.1 | 4.8 | 5.4 |
2006 | Alcohol-specific | Male | 3,341 | 14.6 | 14.1 | 15.1 |
2006 | Alcohol-specific | Female | 1,620 | 6.7 | 6.4 | 7 |
2006 | Drug misuse | Male | 1,188 | 4.5 | 4.3 | 4.8 |
2006 | Drug misuse | Female | 335 | 1.3 | 1.1 | 1.4 |
2006 | Suicide | Male | 3,133 | 14.5 | 14 | 15 |
2006 | Suicide | Female | 1,045 | 4.6 | 4.3 | 4.9 |
2007 | Alcohol-specific | Male | 3,365 | 14.5 | 14 | 15 |
2007 | Alcohol-specific | Female | 1,688 | 6.9 | 6.6 | 7.2 |
2007 | Drug misuse | Male | 1,322 | 5.0 | 4.7 | 5.3 |
2007 | Drug misuse | Female | 346 | 1.3 | 1.2 | 1.5 |
2007 | Suicide | Male | 3,048 | 13.9 | 13.4 | 14.4 |
2007 | Suicide | Female | 951 | 4.2 | 3.9 | 4.4 |
2008 | Alcohol-specific | Male | 3,633 | 15.5 | 15 | 16 |
2008 | Alcohol-specific | Female | 1,712 | 7.0 | 6.6 | 7.3 |
2008 | Drug misuse | Male | 1,430 | 5.4 | 5.1 | 5.7 |
2008 | Drug misuse | Female | 432 | 1.6 | 1.5 | 1.8 |
2008 | Suicide | Male | 3,265 | 14.7 | 14.2 | 15.2 |
2008 | Suicide | Female | 1,023 | 4.4 | 4.2 | 4.7 |
2009 | Alcohol-specific | Male | 3,418 | 14.3 | 13.8 | 14.8 |
2009 | Alcohol-specific | Female | 1,665 | 6.7 | 6.3 | 7 |
2009 | Drug misuse | Male | 1,445 | 5.4 | 5.2 | 5.7 |
2009 | Drug misuse | Female | 381 | 1.4 | 1.3 | 1.6 |
2009 | Suicide | Male | 3,331 | 14.9 | 14.4 | 15.4 |
2009 | Suicide | Female | 1,061 | 4.5 | 4.3 | 4.8 |
2010 | Alcohol-specific | Male | 3,562 | 14.8 | 14.3 | 15.3 |
2010 | Alcohol-specific | Female | 1,661 | 6.6 | 6.3 | 6.9 |
2010 | Drug misuse | Male | 1,316 | 5.0 | 4.7 | 5.3 |
2010 | Drug misuse | Female | 418 | 1.6 | 1.4 | 1.7 |
2010 | Suicide | Male | 3,166 | 14.2 | 13.7 | 14.7 |
2010 | Suicide | Female | 1,036 | 4.4 | 4.2 | 4.7 |
2011 | Alcohol-specific | Male | 3,666 | 15.1 | 14.6 | 15.6 |
2011 | Alcohol-specific | Female | 1,770 | 7.0 | 6.6 | 7.3 |
2011 | Drug misuse | Male | 1,148 | 4.4 | 4.1 | 4.6 |
2011 | Drug misuse | Female | 434 | 1.6 | 1.5 | 1.8 |
2011 | Suicide | Male | 3,420 | 15.1 | 14.6 | 15.6 |
2011 | Suicide | Female | 1,098 | 4.6 | 4.4 | 4.9 |
2012 | Alcohol-specific | Male | 3,344 | 13.7 | 13.2 | 14.1 |
2012 | Alcohol-specific | Female | 1,699 | 6.6 | 6.3 | 6.9 |
2012 | Drug misuse | Male | 1,069 | 4.0 | 3.8 | 4.3 |
2012 | Drug misuse | Female | 423 | 1.6 | 1.4 | 1.7 |
2012 | Suicide | Male | 3,488 | 15.2 | 14.7 | 15.7 |
2012 | Suicide | Female | 1,025 | 4.3 | 4 | 4.5 |
2013 | Alcohol-specific | Male | 3,485 | 14.1 | 13.6 | 14.5 |
2013 | Alcohol-specific | Female | 1,699 | 6.6 | 6.2 | 6.9 |
2013 | Drug misuse | Male | 1,331 | 5.0 | 4.7 | 5.3 |
2013 | Drug misuse | Female | 481 | 1.8 | 1.6 | 2 |
2013 | Suicide | Male | 3,688 | 16.1 | 15.6 | 16.6 |
2013 | Suicide | Female | 1,039 | 4.3 | 4.1 | 4.6 |
2014 | Alcohol-specific | Male | 3,583 | 14.3 | 13.9 | 14.8 |
2014 | Alcohol-specific | Female | 1,803 | 6.9 | 6.6 | 7.2 |
2014 | Drug misuse | Male | 1,530 | 5.8 | 5.5 | 6 |
2014 | Drug misuse | Female | 590 | 2.2 | 2 | 2.3 |
2014 | Suicide | Male | 3,701 | 15.9 | 15.4 | 16.5 |
2014 | Suicide | Female | 1,181 | 4.9 | 4.6 | 5.1 |
2015 | Alcohol-specific | Male | 3,510 | 13.9 | 13.5 | 14.4 |
2015 | Alcohol-specific | Female | 1,796 | 6.8 | 6.5 | 7.1 |
2015 | Drug misuse | Male | 1,700 | 6.4 | 6.1 | 6.7 |
2015 | Drug misuse | Female | 600 | 2.2 | 2 | 2.4 |
2015 | Suicide | Male | 3,600 | 15.4 | 14.9 | 16 |
2015 | Suicide | Female | 1,220 | 5.0 | 4.7 | 5.3 |
2016 | Alcohol-specific | Male | 3,687 | 14.4 | 14 | 14.9 |
2016 | Alcohol-specific | Female | 1,820 | 6.8 | 6.5 | 7.1 |
2016 | Drug misuse | Male | 1,737 | 6.5 | 6.2 | 6.8 |
2016 | Drug misuse | Female | 649 | 2.4 | 2.2 | 2.5 |
2016 | Suicide | Male | 3,464 | 14.7 | 14.2 | 15.2 |
2016 | Suicide | Female | 1,111 | 4.5 | 4.2 | 4.7 |
2017 | Alcohol-specific | Male | 3,853 | 15.0 | 14.5 | 15.5 |
2017 | Alcohol-specific | Female | 1,990 | 7.4 | 7 | 7.7 |
2017 | Drug misuse | Male | 1,652 | 6.2 | 5.9 | 6.5 |
2017 | Drug misuse | Female | 658 | 2.4 | 2.2 | 2.6 |
2017 | Suicide | Male | 3,328 | 14.0 | 13.6 | 14.5 |
2017 | Suicide | Female | 1,123 | 4.5 | 4.2 | 4.8 |
2018 | Alcohol-specific | Male | 3,830 | 14.8 | 14.3 | 15.2 |
2018 | Alcohol-specific | Female | 1,868 | 6.9 | 6.6 | 7.2 |
2018 | Drug misuse | Male | 1,939 | 7.2 | 6.9 | 7.5 |
2018 | Drug misuse | Female | 731 | 2.6 | 2.4 | 2.8 |
2018 | Suicide | Male | 3,800 | 16.0 | 15.5 | 16.5 |
2018 | Suicide | Female | 1,221 | 4.9 | 4.6 | 5.1 |
2019 | Alcohol-specific | Male | 3,904 | 15.0 | 14.5 | 15.4 |
2019 | Alcohol-specific | Female | 1,916 | 7.0 | 6.7 | 7.3 |
2019 | Drug misuse | Male | 1,937 | 7.2 | 6.9 | 7.5 |
2019 | Drug misuse | Female | 748 | 2.7 | 2.5 | 2.9 |
2019 | Suicide | Male | 4,017 | 16.7 | 16.2 | 17.2 |
2019 | Suicide | Female | 1,299 | 5.1 | 4.9 | 5.4 |
2020 | Alcohol-specific | Male | 4,594 | 17.5 | 17 | 18 |
2020 | Alcohol-specific | Female | 2,390 | 8.6 | 8.3 | 9 |
2020 | Drug misuse | Male | 2,036 | 7.6 | 7.3 | 7.9 |
2020 | Drug misuse | Female | 794 | 2.8 | 2.6 | 3 |
2020 | Suicide | Male | 3,682 | 15.4 | 14.9 | 15.9 |
2020 | Suicide | Female | 1,230 | 4.8 | 4.6 | 5.1 |
2021 | Alcohol-specific | Male | 4,949 | 18.7 | 18.2 | 19.2 |
2021 | Alcohol-specific | Female | 2,609 | 9.3 | 9 | 9.7 |
2021 | Drug misuse | Male | 2,050 | 7.7 | 7.3 | 8 |
2021 | Drug misuse | Female | 796 | 2.8 | 2.6 | 3 |
2021 | Suicide | Male | 3,852 | 16.0 | 15.5 | 16.5 |
2021 | Suicide | Female | 1,367 | 5.4 | 5.1 | 5.7 |
2022 | Alcohol-specific | Male | 5,184 | 19.5 | 19 | 20 |
2022 | Alcohol-specific | Female | 2,728 | 9.7 | 9.3 | 10.1 |
2022 | Drug misuse | Male | 2,020 | 7.5 | 7.2 | 7.8 |
2022 | Drug misuse | Female | 886 | 3.1 | 2.9 | 3.4 |
2022 | Suicide | Male | 3,909 | 16.1 | 15.6 | 16.6 |
2022 | Suicide | Female | 1,375 | 5.3 | 5 | 5.6 |
2023 | Alcohol-specific | Male | 5,520 | 20.6 | 20 | 21.1 |
2023 | Alcohol-specific | Female | 2,756 | 9.7 | 9.4 | 10.1 |
2023 | Drug misuse | Male | 2,387 | 8.8 | 8.4 | 9.1 |
2023 | Drug misuse | Female | 966 | 3.4 | 3.2 | 3.6 |
2023 | Suicide | Male | 4,188 | 17.1 | 16.6 | 17.6 |
2023 | Suicide | Female | 1,468 | 5.6 | 5.4 | 5.9 |
Source: Office for National Statistics
Infant mortality
The infant mortality rate is the number of all deaths under 1 year of age, for every 1,000 live births. The rate in England decreased between 2001 to 2003 and 2013 to 2015, but since then there has been no further improvement (Figure 10). The rate increased for the first time since 2013 to 2015 in 2021 to 2023. It was 3.9 deaths per 1,000 live births for 8 consecutive time periods, but increased to 4.1 per 1,000 in 2021 to 2023, though this change was not statistically significant.
There has been no improvement in the infant mortality rate in England since 2013 to 2015.
Year | Deaths | Rate | Lower95CL | Upper95CL |
---|---|---|---|---|
2001 - 03 | 9210 | 5.4 | 5.2 | 5.5 |
2002 - 04 | 9215 | 5.2 | 5.1 | 5.3 |
2003 - 05 | 9291 | 5.1 | 5.0 | 5.2 |
2004 - 06 | 9338 | 5.0 | 4.9 | 5.1 |
2005 - 07 | 9397 | 4.9 | 4.8 | 5.0 |
2006 - 08 | 9503 | 4.8 | 4.7 | 4.9 |
2007 - 09 | 9421 | 4.7 | 4.6 | 4.8 |
2008 - 10 | 9260 | 4.6 | 4.5 | 4.7 |
2009 - 11 | 9062 | 4.4 | 4.3 | 4.5 |
2010 - 12 | 8822 | 4.3 | 4.2 | 4.4 |
2011 - 13 | 8467 | 4.1 | 4.0 | 4.2 |
2012 - 14 | 8029 | 4.0 | 3.9 | 4.1 |
2013 - 15 | 7734 | 3.9 | 3.8 | 4.0 |
2014 - 16 | 7710 | 3.9 | 3.8 | 4.0 |
2015 - 17 | 7734 | 3.9 | 3.8 | 4.0 |
2016 - 18 | 7608 | 3.9 | 3.8 | 4.0 |
2017 - 19 | 7434 | 3.9 | 3.9 | 4.0 |
2018 - 20 | 7111 | 3.9 | 3.8 | 4.0 |
2019 - 21 | 7036 | 3.9 | 3.8 | 4.0 |
2020 - 22 | 6918 | 3.9 | 3.8 | 4.0 |
2021 - 23 | 7050 | 4.1 | 4.0 | 4.2 |
Rates are crude rates per 1,000 live births |
See more information about using CSV file format
Data source: Office for Health Improvement and Disparities (OHID) using Office for National Statistics (ONS) data published in Fingertips View the Fingertips Mortality Profile
Source: Office for Health Improvement and Disparities using Office for National Statistics data
Age groups
For all age groups, for both sexes, the provisional age-specific mortality rate for 2024 was lower than the rate in 2001, but the rate of decline and trend between these two years differs by age group (Figure 11).
For all age groups over 40, the COVID-19 pandemic caused a significant increase in age-specific mortality rates between 2019 and 2020. Age-specific rates have since fallen but by 2024 not all age groups had returned to pre-pandemic levels. In 2024, age-specific mortality rates for those aged 90 and over, 50 to 59, and men aged 40 to 49 and 70 to 79, remained significantly higher than 2019.
Among younger age groups, the rate for boys aged 1 to 9 was significantly higher in 2024 than 2019.
Trends in age-specific mortality rates since 2001 have differed by age group.
Year | Sex | Age | Deaths | Rate | Lower95CL | Upper95CL |
---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
2001 | Female | 1 to 9 | 439 | 16.4 | 14.9 | 18.0 |
2001 | Female | 10 to 19 | 518 | 16.9 | 15.5 | 18.4 |
2001 | Female | 20 to 29 | 1,017 | 32.3 | 30.3 | 34.3 |
2001 | Female | 30 to 39 | 2,489 | 63.8 | 61.3 | 66.3 |
2001 | Female | 40 to 49 | 5,136 | 154.3 | 150.1 | 158.5 |
2001 | Female | 50 to 59 | 12,197 | 390.2 | 383.3 | 397.1 |
2001 | Female | 60 to 69 | 23,708 | 1,012.8 | 999.9 | 1,025.8 |
2001 | Female | 70 to 79 | 60,723 | 3,006.1 | 2,982.3 | 3,030.1 |
2001 | Female | 80 to 89 | 98,260 | 8,556.3 | 8,502.8 | 8,609.9 |
2001 | Female | 90 plus | 55,017 | 22,206.6 | 22,021.4 | 22,392.9 |
2001 | Male | 1 to 9 | 494 | 17.6 | 16.1 | 19.2 |
2001 | Male | 10 to 19 | 1,159 | 36.0 | 34.0 | 38.2 |
2001 | Male | 20 to 29 | 2,631 | 83.4 | 80.2 | 86.6 |
2001 | Male | 30 to 39 | 4,586 | 118.6 | 115.2 | 122.1 |
2001 | Male | 40 to 49 | 7,926 | 241.1 | 235.8 | 246.4 |
2001 | Male | 50 to 59 | 18,546 | 603.8 | 595.2 | 612.6 |
2001 | Male | 60 to 69 | 36,674 | 1,656.0 | 1,639.1 | 1,673.0 |
2001 | Male | 70 to 79 | 74,159 | 4,700.6 | 4,666.8 | 4,734.5 |
2001 | Male | 80 to 89 | 70,632 | 11,601.2 | 11,515.8 | 11,687.1 |
2001 | Male | 90 plus | 18,504 | 25,412.0 | 25,047.2 | 25,780.8 |
2002 | Female | 1 to 9 | 372 | 14.1 | 12.7 | 15.6 |
2002 | Female | 10 to 19 | 555 | 17.9 | 16.4 | 19.4 |
2002 | Female | 20 to 29 | 985 | 31.5 | 29.5 | 33.5 |
2002 | Female | 30 to 39 | 2,376 | 60.9 | 58.5 | 63.4 |
2002 | Female | 40 to 49 | 5,283 | 155.6 | 151.4 | 159.8 |
2002 | Female | 50 to 59 | 12,084 | 381.0 | 374.2 | 387.9 |
2002 | Female | 60 to 69 | 23,228 | 989.1 | 976.4 | 1,001.9 |
2002 | Female | 70 to 79 | 59,418 | 2,977.1 | 2,953.2 | 3,001.2 |
2002 | Female | 80 to 89 | 99,730 | 8,530.0 | 8,477.1 | 8,583.1 |
2002 | Female | 90 plus | 57,515 | 22,647.5 | 22,462.8 | 22,833.4 |
2002 | Male | 1 to 9 | 491 | 17.7 | 16.2 | 19.3 |
2002 | Male | 10 to 19 | 1,117 | 34.3 | 32.3 | 36.3 |
2002 | Male | 20 to 29 | 2,647 | 84.4 | 81.2 | 87.7 |
2002 | Male | 30 to 39 | 4,532 | 117.4 | 114.0 | 120.9 |
2002 | Male | 40 to 49 | 8,078 | 240.9 | 235.7 | 246.2 |
2002 | Male | 50 to 59 | 18,460 | 593.5 | 585.0 | 602.1 |
2002 | Male | 60 to 69 | 36,224 | 1,629.1 | 1,612.4 | 1,646.0 |
2002 | Male | 70 to 79 | 72,376 | 4,581.9 | 4,548.5 | 4,615.4 |
2002 | Male | 80 to 89 | 72,640 | 11,500.1 | 11,416.7 | 11,584.1 |
2002 | Male | 90 plus | 19,679 | 25,685.6 | 25,327.9 | 26,047.0 |
2003 | Female | 1 to 9 | 408 | 15.6 | 14.1 | 17.1 |
2003 | Female | 10 to 19 | 541 | 17.2 | 15.8 | 18.7 |
2003 | Female | 20 to 29 | 1,017 | 32.5 | 30.5 | 34.5 |
2003 | Female | 30 to 39 | 2,399 | 62.0 | 59.6 | 64.6 |
2003 | Female | 40 to 49 | 5,335 | 153.6 | 149.6 | 157.8 |
2003 | Female | 50 to 59 | 12,253 | 384.8 | 378.0 | 391.7 |
2003 | Female | 60 to 69 | 23,227 | 973.1 | 960.6 | 985.7 |
2003 | Female | 70 to 79 | 57,925 | 2,928.8 | 2,905.0 | 2,952.7 |
2003 | Female | 80 to 89 | 101,716 | 8,636.8 | 8,583.8 | 8,690.1 |
2003 | Female | 90 plus | 60,257 | 23,223.7 | 23,038.7 | 23,409.9 |
2003 | Male | 1 to 9 | 477 | 17.3 | 15.8 | 19.0 |
2003 | Male | 10 to 19 | 1,027 | 31.2 | 29.4 | 33.2 |
2003 | Male | 20 to 29 | 2,489 | 79.3 | 76.2 | 82.5 |
2003 | Male | 30 to 39 | 4,469 | 116.6 | 113.2 | 120.1 |
2003 | Male | 40 to 49 | 8,114 | 236.7 | 231.5 | 241.9 |
2003 | Male | 50 to 59 | 18,722 | 599.4 | 590.8 | 608.0 |
2003 | Male | 60 to 69 | 35,976 | 1,592.2 | 1,575.8 | 1,608.8 |
2003 | Male | 70 to 79 | 69,928 | 4,416.7 | 4,384.0 | 4,449.5 |
2003 | Male | 80 to 89 | 73,881 | 11,397.5 | 11,315.5 | 11,480.0 |
2003 | Male | 90 plus | 20,821 | 25,976.9 | 25,625.2 | 26,332.2 |
2004 | Female | 1 to 9 | 362 | 13.9 | 12.5 | 15.4 |
2004 | Female | 10 to 19 | 539 | 17.1 | 15.6 | 18.6 |
2004 | Female | 20 to 29 | 1,012 | 31.9 | 30.0 | 33.9 |
2004 | Female | 30 to 39 | 2,361 | 62.0 | 59.5 | 64.5 |
2004 | Female | 40 to 49 | 5,190 | 146.2 | 142.2 | 150.2 |
2004 | Female | 50 to 59 | 11,810 | 370.2 | 363.6 | 377.0 |
2004 | Female | 60 to 69 | 22,748 | 933.5 | 921.4 | 945.7 |
2004 | Female | 70 to 79 | 53,947 | 2,750.1 | 2,727.0 | 2,773.5 |
2004 | Female | 80 to 89 | 94,781 | 8,017.1 | 7,966.2 | 8,068.3 |
2004 | Female | 90 plus | 57,499 | 21,801.9 | 21,624.0 | 21,980.8 |
2004 | Male | 1 to 9 | 449 | 16.4 | 14.9 | 18.0 |
2004 | Male | 10 to 19 | 1,001 | 30.4 | 28.5 | 32.3 |
2004 | Male | 20 to 29 | 2,449 | 76.8 | 73.8 | 79.9 |
2004 | Male | 30 to 39 | 4,315 | 114.3 | 110.9 | 117.8 |
2004 | Male | 40 to 49 | 7,955 | 227.0 | 222.1 | 232.1 |
2004 | Male | 50 to 59 | 17,851 | 571.1 | 562.8 | 579.6 |
2004 | Male | 60 to 69 | 34,926 | 1,513.3 | 1,497.5 | 1,529.2 |
2004 | Male | 70 to 79 | 66,442 | 4,183.5 | 4,151.7 | 4,215.4 |
2004 | Male | 80 to 89 | 71,488 | 10,786.8 | 10,707.8 | 10,866.1 |
2004 | Male | 90 plus | 20,524 | 24,439.4 | 24,106.2 | 24,776.1 |
2005 | Female | 1 to 9 | 333 | 12.8 | 11.5 | 14.3 |
2005 | Female | 10 to 19 | 522 | 16.5 | 15.1 | 17.9 |
2005 | Female | 20 to 29 | 997 | 30.5 | 28.6 | 32.4 |
2005 | Female | 30 to 39 | 2,217 | 59.0 | 56.6 | 61.6 |
2005 | Female | 40 to 49 | 5,284 | 145.2 | 141.3 | 149.1 |
2005 | Female | 50 to 59 | 11,878 | 372.1 | 365.5 | 378.9 |
2005 | Female | 60 to 69 | 22,665 | 912.9 | 901.1 | 924.9 |
2005 | Female | 70 to 79 | 52,326 | 2,675.4 | 2,652.5 | 2,698.4 |
2005 | Female | 80 to 89 | 94,830 | 7,985.6 | 7,934.8 | 8,036.6 |
2005 | Female | 90 plus | 59,366 | 22,158.4 | 21,980.5 | 22,337.4 |
2005 | Male | 1 to 9 | 433 | 15.9 | 14.4 | 17.4 |
2005 | Male | 10 to 19 | 1,034 | 31.4 | 29.5 | 33.4 |
2005 | Male | 20 to 29 | 2,308 | 70.5 | 67.7 | 73.5 |
2005 | Male | 30 to 39 | 4,215 | 113.0 | 109.7 | 116.5 |
2005 | Male | 40 to 49 | 8,208 | 228.3 | 223.4 | 233.3 |
2005 | Male | 50 to 59 | 17,579 | 561.2 | 553.0 | 569.6 |
2005 | Male | 60 to 69 | 34,257 | 1,454.3 | 1,438.9 | 1,469.8 |
2005 | Male | 70 to 79 | 64,502 | 4,026.2 | 3,995.2 | 4,057.4 |
2005 | Male | 80 to 89 | 71,995 | 10,608.6 | 10,531.3 | 10,686.4 |
2005 | Male | 90 plus | 21,651 | 24,734.1 | 24,405.7 | 25,065.8 |
2006 | Female | 1 to 9 | 373 | 14.3 | 12.9 | 15.9 |
2006 | Female | 10 to 19 | 510 | 16.1 | 14.7 | 17.6 |
2006 | Female | 20 to 29 | 960 | 28.6 | 26.8 | 30.5 |
2006 | Female | 30 to 39 | 2,134 | 57.7 | 55.3 | 60.2 |
2006 | Female | 40 to 49 | 5,304 | 142.8 | 139.0 | 146.7 |
2006 | Female | 50 to 59 | 11,654 | 364.0 | 357.5 | 370.7 |
2006 | Female | 60 to 69 | 22,243 | 880.8 | 869.3 | 892.4 |
2006 | Female | 70 to 79 | 50,307 | 2,575.4 | 2,553.0 | 2,598.0 |
2006 | Female | 80 to 89 | 92,358 | 7,696.5 | 7,646.9 | 7,746.3 |
2006 | Female | 90 plus | 57,739 | 21,523.4 | 21,348.2 | 21,699.7 |
2006 | Male | 1 to 9 | 447 | 16.4 | 14.9 | 18.0 |
2006 | Male | 10 to 19 | 1,015 | 30.7 | 28.9 | 32.7 |
2006 | Male | 20 to 29 | 2,349 | 70.2 | 67.4 | 73.1 |
2006 | Male | 30 to 39 | 4,119 | 112.4 | 109.0 | 115.9 |
2006 | Male | 40 to 49 | 8,127 | 221.4 | 216.6 | 226.3 |
2006 | Male | 50 to 59 | 17,718 | 564.6 | 556.3 | 573.0 |
2006 | Male | 60 to 69 | 33,819 | 1,407.9 | 1,393.0 | 1,423.0 |
2006 | Male | 70 to 79 | 62,071 | 3,833.8 | 3,803.7 | 3,864.0 |
2006 | Male | 80 to 89 | 72,113 | 10,304.1 | 10,229.1 | 10,379.6 |
2006 | Male | 90 plus | 21,774 | 24,488.3 | 24,164.1 | 24,815.7 |
2007 | Female | 1 to 9 | 330 | 12.6 | 11.3 | 14.1 |
2007 | Female | 10 to 19 | 497 | 15.6 | 14.3 | 17.1 |
2007 | Female | 20 to 29 | 930 | 27.0 | 25.3 | 28.8 |
2007 | Female | 30 to 39 | 2,075 | 57.3 | 54.8 | 59.8 |
2007 | Female | 40 to 49 | 5,356 | 141.4 | 137.7 | 145.3 |
2007 | Female | 50 to 59 | 11,222 | 356.5 | 350.0 | 363.2 |
2007 | Female | 60 to 69 | 22,610 | 856.0 | 844.9 | 867.2 |
2007 | Female | 70 to 79 | 48,974 | 2,500.0 | 2,477.9 | 2,522.2 |
2007 | Female | 80 to 89 | 94,101 | 7,749.1 | 7,699.7 | 7,798.8 |
2007 | Female | 90 plus | 58,694 | 21,947.7 | 21,770.5 | 22,126.0 |
2007 | Male | 1 to 9 | 490 | 17.9 | 16.4 | 19.6 |
2007 | Male | 10 to 19 | 936 | 28.2 | 26.4 | 30.0 |
2007 | Male | 20 to 29 | 2,387 | 69.4 | 66.7 | 72.3 |
2007 | Male | 30 to 39 | 4,021 | 111.7 | 108.3 | 115.2 |
2007 | Male | 40 to 49 | 7,993 | 214.3 | 209.6 | 219.1 |
2007 | Male | 50 to 59 | 16,960 | 550.3 | 542.1 | 558.7 |
2007 | Male | 60 to 69 | 34,027 | 1,354.0 | 1,339.7 | 1,368.5 |
2007 | Male | 70 to 79 | 60,397 | 3,678.4 | 3,649.2 | 3,707.9 |
2007 | Male | 80 to 89 | 73,451 | 10,174.6 | 10,101.2 | 10,248.5 |
2007 | Male | 90 plus | 22,143 | 24,562.9 | 24,240.5 | 24,888.6 |
2008 | Female | 1 to 9 | 379 | 14.4 | 13.0 | 15.9 |
2008 | Female | 10 to 19 | 447 | 14.1 | 12.8 | 15.4 |
2008 | Female | 20 to 29 | 969 | 27.6 | 25.9 | 29.4 |
2008 | Female | 30 to 39 | 2,129 | 59.6 | 57.1 | 62.1 |
2008 | Female | 40 to 49 | 5,434 | 141.8 | 138.1 | 145.6 |
2008 | Female | 50 to 59 | 11,097 | 354.5 | 347.9 | 361.2 |
2008 | Female | 60 to 69 | 22,879 | 836.9 | 826.1 | 847.8 |
2008 | Female | 70 to 79 | 48,519 | 2,458.6 | 2,436.8 | 2,480.6 |
2008 | Female | 80 to 89 | 96,563 | 7,839.6 | 7,790.2 | 7,889.2 |
2008 | Female | 90 plus | 59,151 | 22,849.1 | 22,665.3 | 23,034.0 |
2008 | Male | 1 to 9 | 427 | 15.5 | 14.1 | 17.0 |
2008 | Male | 10 to 19 | 908 | 27.4 | 25.6 | 29.2 |
2008 | Male | 20 to 29 | 2,432 | 69.2 | 66.5 | 72.0 |
2008 | Male | 30 to 39 | 4,069 | 114.5 | 111.0 | 118.0 |
2008 | Male | 40 to 49 | 8,377 | 221.9 | 217.2 | 226.7 |
2008 | Male | 50 to 59 | 16,375 | 532.9 | 524.8 | 541.2 |
2008 | Male | 60 to 69 | 34,094 | 1,309.7 | 1,295.8 | 1,323.7 |
2008 | Male | 70 to 79 | 60,300 | 3,609.1 | 3,580.3 | 3,638.0 |
2008 | Male | 80 to 89 | 75,608 | 10,150.9 | 10,078.6 | 10,223.5 |
2008 | Male | 90 plus | 22,422 | 25,343.6 | 25,013.0 | 25,677.5 |
2009 | Female | 1 to 9 | 350 | 13.1 | 11.8 | 14.6 |
2009 | Female | 10 to 19 | 459 | 14.5 | 13.2 | 15.9 |
2009 | Female | 20 to 29 | 965 | 27.2 | 25.5 | 29.0 |
2009 | Female | 30 to 39 | 1,997 | 56.3 | 53.9 | 58.9 |
2009 | Female | 40 to 49 | 5,318 | 137.2 | 133.5 | 140.9 |
2009 | Female | 50 to 59 | 10,719 | 340.5 | 334.1 | 347.0 |
2009 | Female | 60 to 69 | 22,322 | 796.9 | 786.5 | 807.4 |
2009 | Female | 70 to 79 | 45,761 | 2,303.8 | 2,282.8 | 2,325.0 |
2009 | Female | 80 to 89 | 92,828 | 7,502.9 | 7,454.7 | 7,551.3 |
2009 | Female | 90 plus | 54,774 | 20,658.6 | 20,485.9 | 20,832.3 |
2009 | Male | 1 to 9 | 367 | 13.1 | 11.8 | 14.6 |
2009 | Male | 10 to 19 | 892 | 26.9 | 25.2 | 28.7 |
2009 | Male | 20 to 29 | 2,308 | 65.6 | 62.9 | 68.3 |
2009 | Male | 30 to 39 | 3,907 | 110.6 | 107.1 | 114.1 |
2009 | Male | 40 to 49 | 8,398 | 219.9 | 215.3 | 224.7 |
2009 | Male | 50 to 59 | 16,092 | 520.3 | 512.3 | 528.4 |
2009 | Male | 60 to 69 | 33,363 | 1,249.1 | 1,235.8 | 1,262.6 |
2009 | Male | 70 to 79 | 58,071 | 3,422.4 | 3,394.6 | 3,450.3 |
2009 | Male | 80 to 89 | 75,403 | 9,913.9 | 9,843.3 | 9,984.9 |
2009 | Male | 90 plus | 21,837 | 22,991.4 | 22,687.5 | 23,298.4 |
2010 | Female | 1 to 9 | 343 | 12.7 | 11.4 | 14.1 |
2010 | Female | 10 to 19 | 454 | 14.4 | 13.1 | 15.8 |
2010 | Female | 20 to 29 | 888 | 24.9 | 23.2 | 26.5 |
2010 | Female | 30 to 39 | 2,009 | 56.7 | 54.2 | 59.2 |
2010 | Female | 40 to 49 | 5,248 | 134.5 | 130.8 | 138.1 |
2010 | Female | 50 to 59 | 10,773 | 338.7 | 332.3 | 345.1 |
2010 | Female | 60 to 69 | 22,439 | 784.2 | 774.0 | 794.5 |
2010 | Female | 70 to 79 | 45,038 | 2,259.0 | 2,238.2 | 2,280.0 |
2010 | Female | 80 to 89 | 91,528 | 7,372.4 | 7,324.7 | 7,420.3 |
2010 | Female | 90 plus | 58,589 | 20,720.5 | 20,553.0 | 20,888.9 |
2010 | Male | 1 to 9 | 404 | 14.2 | 12.9 | 15.7 |
2010 | Male | 10 to 19 | 713 | 21.6 | 20.0 | 23.2 |
2010 | Male | 20 to 29 | 2,139 | 60.0 | 57.5 | 62.6 |
2010 | Male | 30 to 39 | 3,628 | 102.9 | 99.5 | 106.3 |
2010 | Male | 40 to 49 | 8,206 | 213.8 | 209.2 | 218.5 |
2010 | Male | 50 to 59 | 15,788 | 504.8 | 496.9 | 512.7 |
2010 | Male | 60 to 69 | 33,825 | 1,237.8 | 1,224.6 | 1,251.0 |
2010 | Male | 70 to 79 | 57,538 | 3,347.3 | 3,320.0 | 3,374.7 |
2010 | Male | 80 to 89 | 74,852 | 9,588.6 | 9,520.1 | 9,657.6 |
2010 | Male | 90 plus | 23,649 | 22,847.3 | 22,557.0 | 23,140.4 |
2011 | Female | 1 to 9 | 306 | 11.1 | 9.9 | 12.4 |
2011 | Female | 10 to 19 | 353 | 11.3 | 10.2 | 12.6 |
2011 | Female | 20 to 29 | 930 | 25.7 | 24.1 | 27.5 |
2011 | Female | 30 to 39 | 1,904 | 53.9 | 51.5 | 56.4 |
2011 | Female | 40 to 49 | 5,178 | 131.9 | 128.3 | 135.5 |
2011 | Female | 50 to 59 | 10,428 | 321.6 | 315.5 | 327.9 |
2011 | Female | 60 to 69 | 22,764 | 778.2 | 768.1 | 788.4 |
2011 | Female | 70 to 79 | 43,366 | 2,181.2 | 2,160.7 | 2,201.8 |
2011 | Female | 80 to 89 | 87,346 | 7,030.1 | 6,983.6 | 7,076.9 |
2011 | Female | 90 plus | 59,977 | 19,819.8 | 19,661.5 | 19,979.1 |
2011 | Male | 1 to 9 | 405 | 14.0 | 12.7 | 15.5 |
2011 | Male | 10 to 19 | 650 | 19.9 | 18.4 | 21.5 |
2011 | Male | 20 to 29 | 1,956 | 53.7 | 51.4 | 56.1 |
2011 | Male | 30 to 39 | 3,385 | 96.1 | 92.9 | 99.4 |
2011 | Male | 40 to 49 | 7,932 | 206.1 | 201.6 | 210.7 |
2011 | Male | 50 to 59 | 15,503 | 486.9 | 479.3 | 494.7 |
2011 | Male | 60 to 69 | 33,143 | 1,186.0 | 1,173.2 | 1,198.8 |
2011 | Male | 70 to 79 | 55,630 | 3,225.5 | 3,198.7 | 3,252.4 |
2011 | Male | 80 to 89 | 73,297 | 9,135.9 | 9,069.9 | 9,202.3 |
2011 | Male | 90 plus | 25,423 | 22,739.1 | 22,460.4 | 23,020.4 |
2012 | Female | 1 to 9 | 308 | 10.9 | 9.7 | 12.2 |
2012 | Female | 10 to 19 | 347 | 11.3 | 10.2 | 12.6 |
2012 | Female | 20 to 29 | 818 | 22.5 | 21.0 | 24.1 |
2012 | Female | 30 to 39 | 1,805 | 51.0 | 48.6 | 53.4 |
2012 | Female | 40 to 49 | 5,030 | 127.9 | 124.4 | 131.5 |
2012 | Female | 50 to 59 | 10,631 | 320.2 | 314.1 | 326.3 |
2012 | Female | 60 to 69 | 23,031 | 776.1 | 766.1 | 786.2 |
2012 | Female | 70 to 79 | 43,688 | 2,179.0 | 2,158.6 | 2,199.5 |
2012 | Female | 80 to 89 | 89,793 | 7,215.2 | 7,168.1 | 7,262.6 |
2012 | Female | 90 plus | 65,629 | 20,737.6 | 20,579.3 | 20,896.9 |
2012 | Male | 1 to 9 | 393 | 13.3 | 12.0 | 14.7 |
2012 | Male | 10 to 19 | 685 | 21.3 | 19.7 | 22.9 |
2012 | Male | 20 to 29 | 1,852 | 51.0 | 48.7 | 53.4 |
2012 | Male | 30 to 39 | 3,105 | 88.3 | 85.2 | 91.5 |
2012 | Male | 40 to 49 | 7,766 | 201.6 | 197.1 | 206.1 |
2012 | Male | 50 to 59 | 15,036 | 461.1 | 453.8 | 468.6 |
2012 | Male | 60 to 69 | 33,491 | 1,181.9 | 1,169.3 | 1,194.6 |
2012 | Male | 70 to 79 | 55,877 | 3,196.5 | 3,170.1 | 3,223.1 |
2012 | Male | 80 to 89 | 76,060 | 9,252.4 | 9,186.8 | 9,318.4 |
2012 | Male | 90 plus | 28,564 | 23,603.9 | 23,330.9 | 23,879.2 |
2013 | Female | 1 to 9 | 328 | 11.4 | 10.2 | 12.7 |
2013 | Female | 10 to 19 | 342 | 11.2 | 10.1 | 12.5 |
2013 | Female | 20 to 29 | 877 | 24.0 | 22.4 | 25.6 |
2013 | Female | 30 to 39 | 1,878 | 52.6 | 50.2 | 55.0 |
2013 | Female | 40 to 49 | 5,021 | 128.1 | 124.6 | 131.7 |
2013 | Female | 50 to 59 | 10,564 | 310.4 | 304.5 | 316.4 |
2013 | Female | 60 to 69 | 23,068 | 770.9 | 761.0 | 781.0 |
2013 | Female | 70 to 79 | 43,964 | 2,147.3 | 2,127.3 | 2,167.5 |
2013 | Female | 80 to 89 | 89,388 | 7,191.1 | 7,144.1 | 7,238.4 |
2013 | Female | 90 plus | 67,723 | 21,013.3 | 20,855.4 | 21,172.2 |
2013 | Male | 1 to 9 | 382 | 12.6 | 11.4 | 14.0 |
2013 | Male | 10 to 19 | 646 | 20.2 | 18.7 | 21.9 |
2013 | Male | 20 to 29 | 1,875 | 51.7 | 49.4 | 54.1 |
2013 | Male | 30 to 39 | 3,344 | 94.8 | 91.6 | 98.1 |
2013 | Male | 40 to 49 | 7,873 | 205.2 | 200.6 | 209.7 |
2013 | Male | 50 to 59 | 15,490 | 464.0 | 456.8 | 471.4 |
2013 | Male | 60 to 69 | 33,820 | 1,183.8 | 1,171.2 | 1,196.5 |
2013 | Male | 70 to 79 | 56,558 | 3,151.5 | 3,125.6 | 3,177.6 |
2013 | Male | 80 to 89 | 77,607 | 9,266.4 | 9,201.3 | 9,331.8 |
2013 | Male | 90 plus | 30,193 | 23,826.9 | 23,558.9 | 24,097.2 |
2014 | Female | 1 to 9 | 311 | 10.6 | 9.5 | 11.9 |
2014 | Female | 10 to 19 | 389 | 12.9 | 11.6 | 14.2 |
2014 | Female | 20 to 29 | 908 | 24.6 | 23.0 | 26.3 |
2014 | Female | 30 to 39 | 1,963 | 54.3 | 51.9 | 56.8 |
2014 | Female | 40 to 49 | 5,085 | 131.0 | 127.4 | 134.6 |
2014 | Female | 50 to 59 | 10,527 | 301.4 | 295.7 | 307.2 |
2014 | Female | 60 to 69 | 22,877 | 760.9 | 751.1 | 770.8 |
2014 | Female | 70 to 79 | 43,992 | 2,089.5 | 2,070.0 | 2,109.1 |
2014 | Female | 80 to 89 | 86,080 | 6,884.6 | 6,838.7 | 6,930.8 |
2014 | Female | 90 plus | 66,450 | 19,923.4 | 19,772.2 | 20,075.5 |
2014 | Male | 1 to 9 | 407 | 13.2 | 12.0 | 14.6 |
2014 | Male | 10 to 19 | 664 | 20.9 | 19.4 | 22.6 |
2014 | Male | 20 to 29 | 2,005 | 55.1 | 52.7 | 57.5 |
2014 | Male | 30 to 39 | 3,326 | 93.6 | 90.4 | 96.8 |
2014 | Male | 40 to 49 | 7,843 | 206.3 | 201.7 | 210.9 |
2014 | Male | 50 to 59 | 15,677 | 458.0 | 450.8 | 465.2 |
2014 | Male | 60 to 69 | 33,602 | 1,171.9 | 1,159.4 | 1,184.5 |
2014 | Male | 70 to 79 | 56,642 | 3,051.3 | 3,026.2 | 3,076.5 |
2014 | Male | 80 to 89 | 76,866 | 8,956.3 | 8,893.1 | 9,019.8 |
2014 | Male | 90 plus | 30,713 | 22,836.8 | 22,582.1 | 23,093.7 |
2015 | Female | 1 to 9 | 313 | 10.6 | 9.5 | 11.8 |
2015 | Female | 10 to 19 | 394 | 13.0 | 11.8 | 14.4 |
2015 | Female | 20 to 29 | 867 | 23.4 | 21.9 | 25.0 |
2015 | Female | 30 to 39 | 1,940 | 52.8 | 50.5 | 55.2 |
2015 | Female | 40 to 49 | 5,001 | 130.3 | 126.7 | 134.0 |
2015 | Female | 50 to 59 | 10,936 | 304.6 | 299.0 | 310.4 |
2015 | Female | 60 to 69 | 23,439 | 776.3 | 766.4 | 786.3 |
2015 | Female | 70 to 79 | 45,641 | 2,120.9 | 2,101.5 | 2,140.5 |
2015 | Female | 80 to 89 | 92,072 | 7,339.1 | 7,291.7 | 7,386.6 |
2015 | Female | 90 plus | 73,204 | 22,012.3 | 21,853.2 | 22,172.4 |
2015 | Male | 1 to 9 | 381 | 12.3 | 11.1 | 13.6 |
2015 | Male | 10 to 19 | 646 | 20.3 | 18.8 | 21.9 |
2015 | Male | 20 to 29 | 1,974 | 54.1 | 51.8 | 56.6 |
2015 | Male | 30 to 39 | 3,327 | 92.5 | 89.3 | 95.7 |
2015 | Male | 40 to 49 | 7,749 | 206.0 | 201.5 | 210.7 |
2015 | Male | 50 to 59 | 16,191 | 460.7 | 453.6 | 467.8 |
2015 | Male | 60 to 69 | 34,171 | 1,187.4 | 1,174.9 | 1,200.1 |
2015 | Male | 70 to 79 | 58,754 | 3,084.6 | 3,059.7 | 3,109.7 |
2015 | Male | 80 to 89 | 81,472 | 9,295.3 | 9,231.6 | 9,359.3 |
2015 | Male | 90 plus | 34,262 | 24,716.7 | 24,455.6 | 24,979.8 |
2016 | Female | 1 to 9 | 293 | 9.9 | 8.8 | 11.1 |
2016 | Female | 10 to 19 | 356 | 11.7 | 10.5 | 13.0 |
2016 | Female | 20 to 29 | 900 | 24.1 | 22.6 | 25.7 |
2016 | Female | 30 to 39 | 1,994 | 53.3 | 50.9 | 55.6 |
2016 | Female | 40 to 49 | 5,026 | 132.6 | 129.0 | 136.3 |
2016 | Female | 50 to 59 | 11,587 | 315.1 | 309.4 | 320.9 |
2016 | Female | 60 to 69 | 23,815 | 784.2 | 774.3 | 794.2 |
2016 | Female | 70 to 79 | 46,088 | 2,094.2 | 2,075.2 | 2,113.5 |
2016 | Female | 80 to 89 | 88,655 | 6,997.8 | 6,951.8 | 7,044.0 |
2016 | Female | 90 plus | 70,202 | 20,802.9 | 20,649.3 | 20,957.4 |
2016 | Male | 1 to 9 | 337 | 10.8 | 9.7 | 12.0 |
2016 | Male | 10 to 19 | 607 | 19.0 | 17.5 | 20.6 |
2016 | Male | 20 to 29 | 2,060 | 56.3 | 53.9 | 58.8 |
2016 | Male | 30 to 39 | 3,423 | 93.8 | 90.7 | 97.0 |
2016 | Male | 40 to 49 | 7,820 | 210.5 | 205.9 | 215.2 |
2016 | Male | 50 to 59 | 16,472 | 458.5 | 451.5 | 465.5 |
2016 | Male | 60 to 69 | 34,380 | 1,187.8 | 1,175.3 | 1,200.4 |
2016 | Male | 70 to 79 | 59,254 | 3,031.7 | 3,007.4 | 3,056.2 |
2016 | Male | 80 to 89 | 80,768 | 8,989.9 | 8,928.0 | 9,052.1 |
2016 | Male | 90 plus | 34,167 | 23,593.6 | 23,344.0 | 23,845.1 |
2017 | Female | 1 to 9 | 266 | 9.0 | 7.9 | 10.1 |
2017 | Female | 10 to 19 | 343 | 11.2 | 10.0 | 12.4 |
2017 | Female | 20 to 29 | 780 | 20.9 | 19.5 | 22.4 |
2017 | Female | 30 to 39 | 2,000 | 52.4 | 50.2 | 54.8 |
2017 | Female | 40 to 49 | 4,899 | 131.2 | 127.6 | 134.9 |
2017 | Female | 50 to 59 | 11,247 | 299.8 | 294.3 | 305.4 |
2017 | Female | 60 to 69 | 22,865 | 764.9 | 755.0 | 774.9 |
2017 | Female | 70 to 79 | 47,098 | 2,029.5 | 2,011.2 | 2,047.9 |
2017 | Female | 80 to 89 | 89,756 | 7,005.2 | 6,959.4 | 7,051.2 |
2017 | Female | 90 plus | 73,029 | 21,633.2 | 21,476.6 | 21,790.7 |
2017 | Male | 1 to 9 | 360 | 11.5 | 10.4 | 12.8 |
2017 | Male | 10 to 19 | 619 | 19.3 | 17.8 | 20.8 |
2017 | Male | 20 to 29 | 1,882 | 51.5 | 49.2 | 53.9 |
2017 | Male | 30 to 39 | 3,438 | 93.4 | 90.3 | 96.6 |
2017 | Male | 40 to 49 | 7,731 | 211.5 | 206.8 | 216.3 |
2017 | Male | 50 to 59 | 16,716 | 456.4 | 449.5 | 463.4 |
2017 | Male | 60 to 69 | 33,346 | 1,170.7 | 1,158.2 | 1,183.4 |
2017 | Male | 70 to 79 | 61,112 | 2,951.8 | 2,928.4 | 2,975.3 |
2017 | Male | 80 to 89 | 82,578 | 8,962.9 | 8,901.9 | 9,024.2 |
2017 | Male | 90 plus | 36,245 | 24,224.1 | 23,975.3 | 24,474.7 |
2018 | Female | 1 to 9 | 269 | 9.1 | 8.1 | 10.3 |
2018 | Female | 10 to 19 | 360 | 11.6 | 10.4 | 12.9 |
2018 | Female | 20 to 29 | 903 | 24.3 | 22.7 | 25.9 |
2018 | Female | 30 to 39 | 2,072 | 53.3 | 51.0 | 55.7 |
2018 | Female | 40 to 49 | 4,948 | 134.2 | 130.5 | 138.0 |
2018 | Female | 50 to 59 | 11,660 | 305.9 | 300.4 | 311.5 |
2018 | Female | 60 to 69 | 22,752 | 763.0 | 753.1 | 773.0 |
2018 | Female | 70 to 79 | 48,399 | 2,012.3 | 1,994.4 | 2,030.3 |
2018 | Female | 80 to 89 | 90,248 | 6,955.3 | 6,910.0 | 7,000.8 |
2018 | Female | 90 plus | 73,156 | 21,800.0 | 21,642.3 | 21,958.6 |
2018 | Male | 1 to 9 | 326 | 10.5 | 9.4 | 11.7 |
2018 | Male | 10 to 19 | 696 | 21.4 | 19.8 | 23.0 |
2018 | Male | 20 to 29 | 2,043 | 56.3 | 53.9 | 58.8 |
2018 | Male | 30 to 39 | 3,617 | 97.2 | 94.1 | 100.4 |
2018 | Male | 40 to 49 | 7,833 | 217.4 | 212.6 | 222.3 |
2018 | Male | 50 to 59 | 17,340 | 466.9 | 459.9 | 473.9 |
2018 | Male | 60 to 69 | 33,073 | 1,162.6 | 1,150.1 | 1,175.2 |
2018 | Male | 70 to 79 | 62,584 | 2,912.1 | 2,889.3 | 2,935.0 |
2018 | Male | 80 to 89 | 84,155 | 8,909.0 | 8,849.0 | 8,969.4 |
2018 | Male | 90 plus | 36,976 | 24,202.3 | 23,956.2 | 24,450.2 |
2019 | Female | 1 to 9 | 292 | 10.0 | 8.9 | 11.2 |
2019 | Female | 10 to 19 | 354 | 11.3 | 10.1 | 12.5 |
2019 | Female | 20 to 29 | 887 | 24.0 | 22.4 | 25.6 |
2019 | Female | 30 to 39 | 2,046 | 52.0 | 49.7 | 54.3 |
2019 | Female | 40 to 49 | 4,749 | 129.8 | 126.1 | 133.5 |
2019 | Female | 50 to 59 | 11,571 | 299.7 | 294.2 | 305.2 |
2019 | Female | 60 to 69 | 22,027 | 733.8 | 724.1 | 743.5 |
2019 | Female | 70 to 79 | 47,942 | 1,941.0 | 1,923.7 | 1,958.5 |
2019 | Female | 80 to 89 | 87,339 | 6,621.7 | 6,577.9 | 6,665.8 |
2019 | Female | 90 plus | 70,221 | 20,464.8 | 20,313.7 | 20,616.7 |
2019 | Male | 1 to 9 | 295 | 9.6 | 8.5 | 10.7 |
2019 | Male | 10 to 19 | 597 | 18.1 | 16.7 | 19.6 |
2019 | Male | 20 to 29 | 2,085 | 57.8 | 55.4 | 60.4 |
2019 | Male | 30 to 39 | 3,609 | 96.5 | 93.3 | 99.7 |
2019 | Male | 40 to 49 | 7,350 | 205.8 | 201.1 | 210.6 |
2019 | Male | 50 to 59 | 17,334 | 461.5 | 454.7 | 468.5 |
2019 | Male | 60 to 69 | 32,245 | 1,124.8 | 1,112.6 | 1,137.1 |
2019 | Male | 70 to 79 | 62,246 | 2,817.4 | 2,795.3 | 2,839.6 |
2019 | Male | 80 to 89 | 83,595 | 8,605.2 | 8,546.9 | 8,663.7 |
2019 | Male | 90 plus | 37,173 | 23,284.8 | 23,048.7 | 23,522.7 |
2020 | Female | 1 to 9 | 203 | 7.0 | 6.1 | 8.1 |
2020 | Female | 10 to 19 | 337 | 10.6 | 9.5 | 11.8 |
2020 | Female | 20 to 29 | 808 | 22.3 | 20.8 | 23.9 |
2020 | Female | 30 to 39 | 2,239 | 56.4 | 54.1 | 58.8 |
2020 | Female | 40 to 49 | 5,299 | 144.9 | 141.1 | 148.9 |
2020 | Female | 50 to 59 | 12,826 | 329.6 | 323.9 | 335.3 |
2020 | Female | 60 to 69 | 24,555 | 808.7 | 798.6 | 818.9 |
2020 | Female | 70 to 79 | 54,647 | 2,167.6 | 2,149.4 | 2,185.8 |
2020 | Female | 80 to 89 | 98,840 | 7,471.8 | 7,425.3 | 7,518.5 |
2020 | Female | 90 plus | 80,210 | 23,532.1 | 23,369.6 | 23,695.6 |
2020 | Male | 1 to 9 | 309 | 10.2 | 9.1 | 11.4 |
2020 | Male | 10 to 19 | 553 | 16.5 | 15.2 | 18.0 |
2020 | Male | 20 to 29 | 1,887 | 53.2 | 50.8 | 55.6 |
2020 | Male | 30 to 39 | 3,833 | 102.5 | 99.3 | 105.8 |
2020 | Male | 40 to 49 | 8,359 | 235.3 | 230.3 | 240.4 |
2020 | Male | 50 to 59 | 20,210 | 535.4 | 528.1 | 542.9 |
2020 | Male | 60 to 69 | 37,217 | 1,282.3 | 1,269.3 | 1,295.4 |
2020 | Male | 70 to 79 | 73,266 | 3,254.5 | 3,231.0 | 3,278.2 |
2020 | Male | 80 to 89 | 98,114 | 10,011.3 | 9,948.8 | 10,074.2 |
2020 | Male | 90 plus | 43,739 | 27,219.8 | 26,965.3 | 27,476.1 |
2021 | Female | 1 to 9 | 240 | 8.5 | 7.4 | 9.6 |
2021 | Female | 10 to 19 | 353 | 10.9 | 9.8 | 12.1 |
2021 | Female | 20 to 29 | 942 | 26.3 | 24.6 | 28.0 |
2021 | Female | 30 to 39 | 2,365 | 59.1 | 56.7 | 61.5 |
2021 | Female | 40 to 49 | 5,412 | 148.4 | 144.5 | 152.4 |
2021 | Female | 50 to 59 | 13,367 | 340.2 | 334.5 | 346.1 |
2021 | Female | 60 to 69 | 25,237 | 814.6 | 804.6 | 824.7 |
2021 | Female | 70 to 79 | 54,331 | 2,108.3 | 2,090.6 | 2,126.1 |
2021 | Female | 80 to 89 | 92,148 | 6,963.8 | 6,918.9 | 7,008.9 |
2021 | Female | 90 plus | 74,744 | 21,699.3 | 21,544.0 | 21,855.5 |
2021 | Male | 1 to 9 | 269 | 9.0 | 8.0 | 10.2 |
2021 | Male | 10 to 19 | 676 | 19.8 | 18.4 | 21.4 |
2021 | Male | 20 to 29 | 2,046 | 58.1 | 55.6 | 60.7 |
2021 | Male | 30 to 39 | 4,088 | 109.0 | 105.7 | 112.4 |
2021 | Male | 40 to 49 | 8,773 | 249.1 | 244.0 | 254.4 |
2021 | Male | 50 to 59 | 20,796 | 547.5 | 540.1 | 555.0 |
2021 | Male | 60 to 69 | 37,912 | 1,280.4 | 1,267.5 | 1,293.3 |
2021 | Male | 70 to 79 | 71,719 | 3,120.4 | 3,097.6 | 3,143.3 |
2021 | Male | 80 to 89 | 90,419 | 9,191.0 | 9,131.2 | 9,251.1 |
2021 | Male | 90 plus | 41,138 | 24,934.7 | 24,694.3 | 25,176.8 |
2022 | Female | 1 to 9 | 283 | 10.0 | 8.9 | 11.2 |
2022 | Female | 10 to 19 | 384 | 11.6 | 10.5 | 12.8 |
2022 | Female | 20 to 29 | 910 | 25.4 | 23.8 | 27.1 |
2022 | Female | 30 to 39 | 2,276 | 56.2 | 53.9 | 58.5 |
2022 | Female | 40 to 49 | 5,046 | 138.1 | 134.4 | 142.0 |
2022 | Female | 50 to 59 | 12,839 | 327.0 | 321.3 | 332.7 |
2022 | Female | 60 to 69 | 24,092 | 759.3 | 749.7 | 768.9 |
2022 | Female | 70 to 79 | 53,786 | 2,058.3 | 2,041.0 | 2,075.8 |
2022 | Female | 80 to 89 | 91,374 | 6,818.9 | 6,774.7 | 6,863.2 |
2022 | Female | 90 plus | 74,785 | 21,406.0 | 21,252.8 | 21,560.0 |
2022 | Male | 1 to 9 | 337 | 11.3 | 10.2 | 12.6 |
2022 | Male | 10 to 19 | 723 | 20.7 | 19.2 | 22.3 |
2022 | Male | 20 to 29 | 2,017 | 56.4 | 54.0 | 58.9 |
2022 | Male | 30 to 39 | 3,932 | 103.5 | 100.3 | 106.8 |
2022 | Male | 40 to 49 | 7,911 | 225.3 | 220.3 | 230.3 |
2022 | Male | 50 to 59 | 19,281 | 508.3 | 501.1 | 515.5 |
2022 | Male | 60 to 69 | 35,467 | 1,169.1 | 1,156.9 | 1,181.3 |
2022 | Male | 70 to 79 | 70,146 | 3,012.6 | 2,990.4 | 3,035.0 |
2022 | Male | 80 to 89 | 89,571 | 8,937.8 | 8,879.3 | 8,996.5 |
2022 | Male | 90 plus | 42,878 | 25,080.6 | 24,843.7 | 25,319.1 |
2023 | Female | 1 to 9 | 266 | 9.3 | 8.2 | 10.5 |
2023 | Female | 10 to 19 | 403 | 11.9 | 10.8 | 13.2 |
2023 | Female | 20 to 29 | 904 | 25.1 | 23.5 | 26.8 |
2023 | Female | 30 to 39 | 2,327 | 56.6 | 54.4 | 59.0 |
2023 | Female | 40 to 49 | 5,139 | 139.4 | 135.6 | 143.2 |
2023 | Female | 50 to 59 | 12,535 | 321.0 | 315.4 | 326.7 |
2023 | Female | 60 to 69 | 24,666 | 758.8 | 749.4 | 768.3 |
2023 | Female | 70 to 79 | 53,711 | 2,040.1 | 2,022.9 | 2,057.4 |
2023 | Female | 80 to 89 | 92,131 | 6,722.6 | 6,679.3 | 6,766.2 |
2023 | Female | 90 plus | 74,723 | 21,482.3 | 21,328.6 | 21,636.9 |
2023 | Male | 1 to 9 | 346 | 11.6 | 10.4 | 12.9 |
2023 | Male | 10 to 19 | 806 | 22.6 | 21.1 | 24.3 |
2023 | Male | 20 to 29 | 1,993 | 54.8 | 52.4 | 57.3 |
2023 | Male | 30 to 39 | 4,092 | 106.1 | 102.9 | 109.4 |
2023 | Male | 40 to 49 | 8,036 | 227.6 | 222.7 | 232.7 |
2023 | Male | 50 to 59 | 19,372 | 514.2 | 506.9 | 521.5 |
2023 | Male | 60 to 69 | 36,078 | 1,162.7 | 1,150.7 | 1,174.7 |
2023 | Male | 70 to 79 | 70,262 | 2,997.0 | 2,974.9 | 3,019.3 |
2023 | Male | 80 to 89 | 91,021 | 8,825.5 | 8,768.2 | 8,883.0 |
2023 | Male | 90 plus | 42,862 | 24,710.6 | 24,477.2 | 24,945.6 |
2024 | Female | 1 to 9 | 246 | 8.8 | 7.7 | 10.0 |
2024 | Female | 10 to 19 | 408 | 12.0 | 10.8 | 13.2 |
2024 | Female | 20 to 29 | 877 | 23.5 | 21.9 | 25.1 |
2024 | Female | 30 to 39 | 2,313 | 54.8 | 52.6 | 57.1 |
2024 | Female | 40 to 49 | 4,941 | 131.8 | 128.2 | 135.5 |
2024 | Female | 50 to 59 | 12,343 | 318.6 | 313.0 | 324.3 |
2024 | Female | 60 to 69 | 24,149 | 723.2 | 714.1 | 732.4 |
2024 | Female | 70 to 79 | 52,229 | 1,972.4 | 1,955.5 | 1,989.4 |
2024 | Female | 80 to 89 | 89,953 | 6,336.1 | 6,294.7 | 6,377.6 |
2024 | Female | 90 plus | 72,562 | 20,961.4 | 20,809.1 | 21,114.5 |
2024 | Male | 1 to 9 | 368 | 12.5 | 11.3 | 13.9 |
2024 | Male | 10 to 19 | 714 | 19.9 | 18.4 | 21.4 |
2024 | Male | 20 to 29 | 1,969 | 51.7 | 49.5 | 54.1 |
2024 | Male | 30 to 39 | 3,916 | 98.1 | 95.0 | 101.2 |
2024 | Male | 40 to 49 | 7,835 | 218.7 | 213.9 | 223.6 |
2024 | Male | 50 to 59 | 18,789 | 502.3 | 495.1 | 509.5 |
2024 | Male | 60 to 69 | 35,182 | 1,104.4 | 1,092.9 | 1,116.0 |
2024 | Male | 70 to 79 | 68,571 | 2,911.7 | 2,890.0 | 2,933.6 |
2024 | Male | 80 to 89 | 89,663 | 8,330.8 | 8,276.3 | 8,385.5 |
2024 | Male | 90 plus | 42,496 | 23,876.7 | 23,650.2 | 24,104.8 |
Rates are crude rates per 100,000 population |
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Data source 2001 to 2024: Office for Health Improvement and Disparities (OHID) using Office for National Statistics (ONS) data. Rates for 2024 are provisional, based on data as at 15 April 2025
Source: Office for Health Improvement and Disparities, based on Office for National Statistics data (2024 data is provisional)
Between 2001 and 2010, there was an improvement in the average annual change in age-specific mortality rate across all age groups for both sexes (Table 6). The level of improvement was largest in the older age categories, but this reflects the fact that this is a measure of absolute change and age-specific mortality rates are much higher at older ages.
Between 2010 and 2019, the estimates of average annual change indicate improvements in most, but not all age groups. For both sexes, the improvement in mortality rates for those aged 90 and over, seen between 2001 and 2010, did not continue between 2010 and 2019. Annual mortality rates fluctuated, but there was a general upward trend across this period. The same was true for those aged 40 to 49 for both sexes, and for men aged 20 to 29. For all other age groups, except those aged 1 to 9, the level of improvement between 2010 and 2019 was lower than between 2001 and 2010.
Between 2022 and 2024, there was an improvement in all age groups for both sexes with the exception of boys aged 1 to 9, and girls and young women aged 10 to 19. Rates in these age groups were statistically similar between 2022 and 2024.
Rate per 100,000 | |||||||||||
---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
Decade | 1 to 9 | 10 to 19 | 20 to 29 | 30 to 39 | 40 to 49 | 50 to 59 | 60 to 69 | 70 to 79 | 80 to 89 | 90 plus | |
2001 to 2010 | -0.4 | -1.26 | -2.52 | -1.27 | -3.1 | -10.88 | -50.67 | -157.83 | -227.82 | -272.63 | |
2010 to 2019 | -0.5 | -0.21 | 0.09 | -0.17 | 0.44 | -3.44 | -7.32 | -51.59 | -75.01 | 111.88 | |
2022 to 2024 | 0.59 | -0.42 | -2.33 | -2.7 | -3.26 | -2.99 | -32.33 | -50.44 | -303.5 | -601.93 | |
A negative value indicates an improvement in mortality within the period. 2020 and 2021 have been excluded due to the impact of the COVID-19 pandemic. |
Rate per 100,000 | |||||||||||
---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
Decade | 1 to 9 | 10 to 19 | 20 to 29 | 30 to 39 | 40 to 49 | 50 to 59 | 60 to 69 | 70 to 79 | 80 to 89 | 90 plus | |
2001 to 2010 | -0.29 | -0.4 | -0.83 | -0.75 | -2.32 | -5.74 | -26.35 | -88.72 | -138.93 | -177.99 | |
2010 to 2019 | -0.32 | -0.15 | -0.16 | -0.24 | 0.02 | -3.31 | -3.4 | -29.81 | -51.24 | 106.03 | |
2022 to 2024 | -0.6 | 0.18 | -0.98 | -0.67 | -3.16 | -4.18 | -18.05 | -42.97 | -241.39 | -222.3 | |
A negative value indicates an improvement in mortality within the period. 2020 and 2021 have been excluded due to the impact of the COVID-19 pandemic. |
Methodology and notes about the data
Age-standardised mortality rates
Age-standardised mortality rates adjust for differences in the age structure of populations and allow comparisons to be made between geographical areas and through time, allowing identification of any underlying change in mortality rates. The direct method applies the observed age-specific rates for the condition to a given standard population to estimate the age-standardised rate for that condition. The standard used throughout this report is the European Standard Population 2013.
Average annual change
An estimate of average annual change has been calculated to provide a summary measure of the gradient of improvement across decades. This considers life expectancy or mortality in every year in the decade (not just the first and last years).
The estimates of average annual absolute change over time were calculated by estimating gradients in mortality rates (or life expectancy) for different periods.
The gradients were estimated using a linear regression approach to best fit a line to the time points in each period. This was done by calculating the covariance of the time period and mortality rate (or life expectancy) and dividing by the variance of the time period. The results were replicated using the SLOPE function in Excel for Microsoft 365.
As some mortality rates have decreased relatively rapidly in recent decades, this could have led to differences between relative and absolute changes over time. To test the validity of the gradient results, they were first calculated using actual mortality rates and life expectancy estimates. These were then log transformed and new gradients were calculated using the transformed data, which provided a measure of the relative rate of change. The results for absolute and relative change over time proved generally consistent, that is to say that for both the level of improvement was markedly lower in the most recent time period compared with earlier periods. Only the results for absolute change over time have been included in this report.
Life expectancy
Period life expectancy is a summary measure of mortality in a population. Life expectancy at birth represents the average number of years that would be lived by babies born in a time period if they experienced the mortality rates for that time period throughout their lives. Similarly, life expectancy at age 65 is the average number of remaining years of life that a man or woman aged 65 will have if mortality rates at each age over 65 remain constant. In practice, life expectancy is used as a summary measure of mortality which takes into account changes in the size and age structure of the population. An increase in life expectancy is an improvement.
It is an alternative summary measure to age-standardised mortality rates, and both are used in this report. These two measures are linked and generally when mortality rates increase then life expectancy will fall, and vice versa.
Single year life tables provide expectation of life statistics. Each life table is based on the population estimates and deaths by date of registration data for a period of 1 year.
Provisional data
Data for 2024 is included for some indicators. These indicators have been calculated by OHID using ONS provisional mortality data and population projections as at 15 April 2025.